关于加速箱内气球运动的演示实验  

A demonstration experiment of balloon motion in accelerating box

作　　者：路峻岭[1] 顾晨[1] 任乃敬 马泊一 LU Jun-ling;GU Chen;REN Nai-jing;MA Bo-yi(Department of Physics,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学物理学系,北京100084

出　　处：《大学物理》2021年第8期33-35,共3页College Physics

摘　　要：在透明薄壳箱中设置轻重两个气球,轻者上浮,重者下沉,以固定于上下薄壳箱壁的细丝线系住它们,使两气球的中心的高度大体相等.把此薄壳箱固定于平桌车上,操作者沿着两个气球中心连线的方向加速推动平桌车,两个气球将在等效引力和惯性力的共同作用下作相向或相离加速运动.了解本实验,将使学生对气体热平衡态的概念、对等效原理、对惯性力以及对在非惯性系中处理问题的理解有所帮助.When a light and a heavy balloon are arranged in a transparent thin shell box.the light one floated up and the heavy one sunk.They are tied by a filament to fix on the upper and lower shell walls,so that the central heights of the two balloons are roughly equal.The thin shell box is fixed on a flat table car.The flat table car is pushed to accelerate along the direction of the connecting line between their centers and they can make opposite or separated acceleration motion under the joint action of equivalent gravity and inertial force.This experiment can help students to understand the concept of gas heat balance,equivalent principle,inertial force and handling problems in non-inertial system.

关 键 词：气体热平衡态 等效原理 惯性力 非惯性系 牛顿定律 

分 类 号：O4-34[理学—物理]