基于STM32睡眠呼吸机的系统设计  

System design of sleep ventilator based on STM32

作　　者：张媛媛 李丕丁[1] 孔祥勇[1] Zhang Yuanyuan;Li Piding;Kong Xiangyong(School of Medical Devices and Food,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093,China)

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学医疗器械与食品学院,上海200093

出　　处：《电子测量技术》2021年第9期42-47,共6页Electronic Measurement Technology

摘　　要：为了有效地减轻阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合症(OSAS)对我们人体的伤害,设计了一款双水平无创呼家用睡眠吸机。基于STM32运用自适应逆控制理论实现了电机的控制,把输入信号和输出响应之间的差值作为误差信号,并由该信号驱动自适应算法。根据采集到的呼吸波波形,运用卡尔曼滤波对下一个周期吸气与呼气的时机进行预测,进而控制电机达到目标气压值。为了方便用户体验,增加了上位机波形实时显示,在用户体验呼吸机辅助呼吸的同时可以清楚的看到呼吸波的调整。此次设计不仅使电机达到设定的响应速度的时间控制在100 ms左右,还实现了CPAP模式、S模式、T模式3种呼吸模式:在CPAP模式下,呼吸机持续输出气道正压;在S模式下,可通过患者呼吸波波形来预估下一次呼气及吸气时间节点,并给予正确气压来辅助患者呼吸;在T模式下,通过定时器控制实现气压的高低,进而辅助患者呼吸。这不仅提高了患者的顺应性,使患者感觉更加舒适,还有利于长期治疗。In order to effectively reduce the damage of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAS),a two-level non-invasive home sleep suction machine was designed.Based on STM32,the adaptive inverse control theory is used to control the motor.The difference between the input signal and the output response is taken as the error signal,and the adaptive algorithm is driven by the signal.According to the collected breathing wave shape,Kalman filter is used to predict the timing of inspiratory and exhalatory in the next cycle,and then control the motor to reach the target pressure value.In order to facilitate user experience,real-time display of upper computer waveform is added,so that users can clearly see the adjustment of breathing wave while experiencing ventilator assisted breathing.This design not only controls the time of the motor to reach the set response speed at about 100ms,but also realizes three breathing modes:CPAP mode,S mode and T mode.In CPAP mode,the ventilator continuously outputs positive airway pressure;In the S mode,the next time node of exhalation and inspiration can be estimated by the patient′s breath wave shape,and the correct air pressure can be given to assist the patient′s breathing.In T mode,the air pressure is controlled by the timer to assist the patient′s breathing.This not only improves patient compliance and makes patients feel more comfortable,but also facilitates long-term treatment.

关 键 词：阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合症 自适应逆控制 卡尔曼预测 CPAP模式 S模式 T模式 

分 类 号：TP301[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]