RhD阴性、阳性血型孕妇家庭产前献血动机、意愿及行为差异研究  

Motivation,intention and behavior of prenatal blood donation between families of RhD negative and positive pregnant women: A comparative study

作　　者：王可均 屠小明 金圣玹 戴宇东[3] 张嵘嵘[3] WANG Kejun;TU Xiaoming;JIN Shengxuan;DAI Yudong;ZHANG Rongrong(School of Medical Policy and Management,Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 210029,China;School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics,Nanjing Medical University;Nanjing Red Cross Blood Center)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学医政学院,江苏南京210029 [2]南京医科大学生物医学工程与信息学院 [3]南京红十字血液中心

出　　处：《中国输血杂志》2021年第7期754-758,共5页Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion

摘　　要：目的通过对RhD阳性和RhD阴性血型孕妇家庭参与备血计划的比较分析,探索以孕妇备血项目人群为重点建立预约献血者队伍的可行性和必要性,为无偿献血重点人群开展精细化管理提供决策依据。方法 2020年1月~9月对参与备血计划的RhD阴性、RhD阳性血型孕妇家庭进行问卷调查,比较两者在感兴趣的激励措施、献血认知、献血动机、献血意愿以及献血行为之间的差异。结果对于常见的献血激励措施,RhD阴性、RhD阳性血型孕妇家庭均首推准妈妈优先用血,分别占比98.02%(99/101)和98.51%(132/134)P>0.05,对于其余激励措施,RhD阴性血型孕妇家庭选择比例均高于RhD阳性家庭(P<0.05);对于无偿献血认知情况,除临床用血费用收取外,RhD阴性血型孕妇家庭对于其余献血知识的知晓情况均高于RhD阳性家庭,差异有统计学意义;RhD阴性血型孕妇家庭献血意愿得分高于RhD阳性家庭(P<0.05);献血动机的6个因子中,RhD阴性血型孕妇家庭严重性(对血液供应现状的认识)得分高于RhD阳性家庭,差异有统计学意义。不同类型血的孕妇家庭献血行为的影响因素不同,ROC曲线分析显示,拟合模型对RhD阴性家庭献血行为判断的AUC为0.816(95%CI:0.731~0.902),对RhD阳性家庭献血行为判断的AUC为0.924(95%CI:0.871~0.977)。结论参与计划的孕妇家庭对健康政策类的激励措施更感兴趣,RhD阴性血型孕妇家庭对供应现状的认识,献血的意愿高于RhD阳性家庭,应制定相关政策提高RhD阳性家庭参与无偿献血的积极性,完善预约献血者队伍构建策略,保障孕妇自身用血的同时扩展无偿献血志愿者队伍。Objective To explore the feasibility and necessity of establishing a scheduled blood donation team focusing on pregnant women′s blood preparation by the comparative analysis between RhD positive and negative pregnant women′s family participation in the team,so as to provide basis for decision-making on fine management of key groups of voluntary blood donation.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted between the families of RhD negative and positive pregnant women participating in the blood preparation program from January to September 2020 to compare the differences in incentive measures,blood donation cognition,motivation,intention and behavior between the two groups.Results For common incentive measures for blood donation,both families of RhD negative pregnant women(the former)and families of RhD positive pregnant women(the latter)preferred expectant mothers to use blood first,accounting for 98.02%(99/101)and 98.51%(132/134),respectively,with no significant difference.For other incentive measures,the preference of the former were significantly higher(P<0.05).For the cognition of voluntary blood donation,the awareness of the former was higher than that of the latter,with significant difference(P<0.05),except for clinical blood use expenses;the score of intention to donate blood of the former was higher than that of the latter(P<0.05);among the six factors of motivation to blood donation,the score of severity of the former(understanding of the status of blood supply)was higher than that of the latter,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Analysis of ROC curve showed that AUC of fitting model of the former and latter was 0.816(95%CI:0.731~0.902)and 0.924(95%CI:0.871~0.977).Conclusion Pregnant women families participated in the program are more interested in the incentive measures of health policies.The former has higher awareness of the current supply situation hence demonstrates higher intention to donate blood than the latter.Therefore,relevant policies should be formulated to improve

关 键 词：孕妇家庭产前储备血液 献血意愿 献血行为 献血动机 

分 类 号：R457.11[医药卫生—治疗学]