外泌体中的miRNA在脑胶质瘤中的研究进展  

Research progress of exosomal miRNA in glioma

作　　者：毕玉旭 罗园园 倪炜[1] 冯利明[1] 徐仁坤 Bi Yuxu;Luo Yuanyuan;Ni Wei;Feng Liming;Xu Renkun(Department of Neurosurgery,Yunnan Cancer Hospital,the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University,Kunming 650000,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明医科大学第三附属医院,云南省肿瘤医院神经外科,650000

出　　处：《国际遗传学杂志》2021年第3期181-187,共7页International Journal of Genetics

摘　　要：外泌体是细胞分泌的一种小膜状囊泡。其内含有RNA、蛋白质、脂质等生物活性物质。近年来,外泌体中miRNA的生物学功能引起了广大学者的关注。miRNA是一类由内源基因编码的非编码单链RNA分子,可通过促使靶mRNA降解或抑制翻译,从而调控靶基因表达沉默而发挥广泛生物学作用。已有研究表明,外泌体中miRNA在肿瘤微环境中扮演重要角色,被证实与肿瘤血管生成、浸润、转移和治疗反应性等密切相关。可有望作为肿瘤诊断、治疗及预后评估的生物标记物,本文就近年来外泌体miRNA在参与胶质瘤生物学行为调控以及其对诊断、治疗及预后的潜在应用价值的研究进展进行综述。Exosomes are small membranous vesicles secreted by cells.It contains bioactive substances such as RNA,proteins and lipids.In recent years,the biological function of miRNAs in exosomes has attracted the attention of many scholars.miRNA is a class of non-coding single-stranded RNA molecules encoded by endogenous genes,which can exert a wide range of biological effects by promoting target mRNA degradation or inhibiting translation,thus regulating the silencing of target gene expression.Previous studies have shown that miRNAs in exosomes play an important role in tumor microenvironment and have been proved to be closely related to tumor angiogenesis,invasion,metastasis and therapeutic response.It is expected to be used as a biomarker for tumor diagnosis,treatment and prognosis evaluation.This article reviews recent research progress in studying on external miRNA in regulating the biological behavior,diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of gliomas.

关 键 词：胶质瘤 外泌体 MIRNA 生物标志物 

分 类 号：R739.41[医药卫生—肿瘤]