野生猕猴桃优异资源果实形态及营养成分分析  

Analysis on Fruit Morphology and Nutritional Composition of Excellent Germplasm Resources of Wild Kiwifruit

作　　者：王连润[1] 陶磅[1] 陈霞[1] 李坤明[1] 丁仁展[1] 王卫清 吴定财 沙毓沧[1] WANG Lian-run;TAO-Pang;CHEN-Xia;LI Kun-ming;DING Ren-zhan;WANG Wei-qing;WU Ding-cai;SHA Yu-cang(Institute of Horticultural Crops,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Yunnan Kunming 650205,China;Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Yunnan Kunming 650205,China;Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Weixin County,Yunnan Weixin 657911,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院园艺作物研究所,云南昆明650205 [2]云南省农业科学院质量标准与检测技术研究所,云南昆明650205 [3]威信县农业农村局,云南威信657911

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2021年第7期1515-1520,共6页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“云南猕猴桃属种质资源遗传多样性研究”(31960579)。

摘　　要：【目的】综合比较分析野生猕猴桃优异种质资源感官性状、形态指标、营养成分含量及营养品质,为云南省野生猕猴桃优异种质资源的开发利用提供依据。【方法】以大果、无毛或少毛、优质为目标,确定选优标准,通过感官和形态指标评价,筛选出优良单株LB-2、LBBH-1和XSD-1;测定总糖、总酸、维生素C及可溶性固形物含量,对优异资源的感官性状、形态指标及营养成分含量进行比较分析;按照品质综合指数评价法,对3个优良单株与‘云猕1号’进行营养品质比较分析。【结果】果实纵径由大到小的顺序为XSD-1>LB-2>LBBH-1,LB-2、LBBH-1与‘云猕1号’差异达显著水平(P<0.05)。果实横径由大到小的顺序为LBBH-1>LB-2>XSD-1,3个优良单株与‘云猕1号’差异达显著水平(P<0.05)。果实侧径由大到小的顺序为LBBH-1>LB-2>XSD-1,3个优良单株之间差异不显著,3者与‘云猕1号’差异达显著水平(P<0.05)。单果重由大到小的顺序为LBBH-1>XSD-1>LB-2,3个优良单株与‘云猕1号’之间差异达显著水平(P<0.05)。总糖和总酸含量由高到低的顺序为LB-2>LBBH-1>XSD-1,3个优良单株均比‘云猕1号’低。糖酸比由高到低的顺序为XSD-1>LBBH-1>LB-2,风味方面XSD-1最甜,LBBH-1次之,LB-2甜味最淡。3个优良单株的维生素C含量均比‘云猕1号’低;可溶性固形物含量最高的是LB-2,LBBH-1和XSD-1均低于栽培种‘云猕1号’。综合评价指数由高到低的顺序为LB-2>LBBH-1>XSD-1。【结论】营养品质由高到低的顺序为LB-2>LBBH-1>XSD-1,3个野生猕猴桃优良单株果实大小均匀,果形整齐美观,风味好,质地细嫩,汁液丰富,具有较大的开发利用价值。【Objective】In order to provide a basis for the development and utilization of excellent germplasm resources of wild kiwifruit in Yunnan Province,the sensory traits,morphological indicators,nutrient contents and nutritional quality of excellent germplasm resources of wild kiwifruit were comprehensively comparative analysis in this paper.【Method】The selection criteria were established with the objectives of large fruits,hairless or less hairy,and high quality,and the‘LB-2’,‘LBBH-1’and‘XSD-1’were selected through the evaluation of sensory and morphological indexes,and their total sugar,total acid,vitamin C and soluble solids contents were determined and analyzed.According to the evaluation method of quality comprehensive index,the nutritional quality of 3 excellent germplasm resources was compared and analyzed with the cultivar‘Yunmi No.1’.【Result】The order of fruit longitudinal diameter was‘XSD-1’>‘LB-2’>‘LBBH-1’,and the difference between‘LB-2’,‘LBBH-1’and‘Yunmi No.1’were significant.The order of fruit transverse diameter was‘LBBH-1’>‘LB-2’>‘XSD-1’,and the differences between the three excellent germplasm resources and‘Yunmi No.1’reached a significant level.The order of fruit lateral diameter was‘LBBH-1’>‘LB-2’>‘XSD-1’,the differences between the three excellent germplasm resources were not significant but reached a significant level with‘Yunmi No.1’.The fruit weight per fruit was in the order of‘LBBH-1’>‘XSD-1’>‘LB-2’,and the difference between the germplasm resources and‘Yunmi No.1’reached a significant level.The total sugar and acid content of the germplasm resources were lower than that of‘Yunmi No.1’in the order of‘LB-2’>‘LBBH-1’>‘XSD-1’.The order of sugar to acid ratio was‘XSD-1’>‘LBBH-1’>‘LB-2’,with‘XSD-1’being the sweetest,‘LBBH-1’the second sweetest and‘LB-2’the least sweet in terms of flavor.The germplasm resources all had lower vitamin C content than‘Yunmi No.1’

关 键 词：野生猕猴桃 优良单株 形态 营养成分 营养品质 

分 类 号：S665[农业科学—果树学]