挤压松质骨后植入种植体的生物力学研究  

Biomechanical study of implants after extrusion of cancellous bone

作　　者：左艳萍 汪永跃[2] 王荣[3] 刘宁 傅云婷 周颖 ZUO Yanping;WANG Yongyue;WANG Rong;LIU Ning;FU Yunting;ZHOU Ying(College of Stomatology of Xi′an Medical University,Xi′an,Shaanxi,710021;Department of Dental Implants,West China Stomatology Hospital of Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan,610041;State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment,Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin,300401;Department of Stomatology,Shenzhen Longgang ENT Hospital,Shenzhen,Guangdong,518172;Department of Stomatology,Chengfei Hospital of Sichuan Province,Chengdu,Sichuan,610091)

机构地区：[1]西安医学院口腔医学院,陕西西安710021 [2]四川大学华西口腔医院种植科,四川成都610041 [3]河北工业大学,省部共建电工装备可靠性与智能化国家重点实验室,天津300401 [4]广东省深圳市龙岗区耳鼻咽喉医院口腔科,广东深圳518172 [5]四川省成飞医院口腔科,四川成都610091

出　　处：《实用临床医药杂志》2021年第12期1-4,8,共5页Journal of Clinical Medicine in Practice

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金资助项目(81801034);陕西省科技厅重点研发计划资助项目(2017SF-111);西安医学院2018年配套基金资助项目(2018PT31)。

摘　　要：目的建立2种方式(螺旋和敲击)挤压松质骨后植入种植体的动物模型及有限元模型,探讨松质骨经不同方式挤压后植入种植体的生物力学性能。方法在犬股骨髁模拟临床种植手术,用先锋钻对种植窝松质骨进行初级备洞,采用敲击和螺旋2种方式对种植窝松质骨进行等量挤压并植入相同规格种植体,术后1、2、4、12周进行种植体推出实验。建立敲击和螺旋2种挤压方式的有限元模型,对牙冠部分进行水平向负载,比较侧向力作用下2种挤压方式植入种植体稳定性的差异。结果种植体推出实验中,螺旋挤压植入的种植体表现出更好的力学性能;有限元分析结果显示,在相同水平向负载的作用下,敲击挤压植入的种植体位移量更小。结论螺旋挤压在对抗垂直力方面优于敲击挤压,敲击挤压在对抗侧向力方面优于螺旋挤压。Objective To establish animal and finite element models by using different osteotome techniques(screw and percussion),and to study the biomechanical properties of implants.Methods Clinical implant surgery was simulated on condyles of femur of dog,the primary preparation cavity of the cancellous bone was made by pioneer drilling,cancellous bone of the implant sockets was squeezed using screw and percussion techniques,then implants of the same size were inserted.Samples were taken at 1 week,2,4 and 12 weeks after the animal surgery,and push-out tests of implants were conducted.The finite element models of the two osteotme techniques were established,and the horizontal stresses were loaded on the crown.The differences of the stability of the implants were compared.Results In the experiment of implant extruding,the implant with screw extrusion showed better mechanical properties.The results of finite element analysis showed that under the effect of the same horizontal load,the movement of the implant using percussion techniques was smaller.Conclusion Implants by screw extrusion have obvious advantages in the resistance to vertical forces compared with those by percussive extrusion.

关 键 词：松质骨 骨挤压 种植体 生物力学 螺旋挤压 敲击挤压 

分 类 号：R783[医药卫生—口腔医学] R318[医药卫生—临床医学]