2020年版《中国药典》(一部)中儿童咳嗽中成药的情况分析  

Analysis of Chinese Patent Medicines in 2020 Edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia(Part Ⅰ) for Cough of Children

作　　者：刘子馨 胥淑娟 李磊[1] 贾飞凡 郭浩[1] 陈文黎 刘昆[1] 张琼[1] 付建华[1] 刘建勋[1] LIU Zi-xin;XU Shu-juan;LI Lei;JIA Fei-fan;GUO Hao;CHEN Wen-li;LIU Kun;ZHANG Qiong;FU Jian-hua;LIU Jian-xun(Xiyuan Hospital,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100091,China;Binzhou Medical University,Yantai 264003,China;Eye Hospital,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100040,China)

机构地区：[1]中国中医科学院西苑医院,北京100091 [2]滨州医学院,山东烟台264003 [3]中国中医科学院眼科医院,北京100040

出　　处：《中国实验方剂学杂志》2021年第17期160-167,共8页Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae

基　　金：国家“重大新药创制”科技重大专项(2018ZX09721003-009-022,2017ZX09301018);北京市中医药科技发展基金项目(JJ-2020-78)。

摘　　要：目的:分析2020年版《中华人民共和国药典》(以下简称《中国药典》)(一部)所载治疗儿童咳嗽中成药的功能主治、组方、剂型和用药特点,为其临床合理应用提供参考,并为儿童咳嗽中药新药的研发提供参考。方法:收集2020年版《中国药典》(一部)中治疗咳嗽的中成药名称、剂型、处方、功能主治、用法用量等信息,筛选明确用于儿童咳嗽的中成药,将相关信息录入中医药整合药理学研究平台v2.0,通过组方用药规律分析模块进行数据分析与挖掘,分析功能与主治中注明用于治疗外感风寒、外感风热、痰热咳嗽的中成药,通过VOSviewer 1.6.14制作药物聚类网络视图。结果:2020年版《中国药典》(一部)中可供儿童服用治疗咳嗽的中成药共75种,包含34种儿童与成人均可用中成药,41种仅用于儿童咳嗽中成药。适应的证型有风寒袭肺证、风热犯肺证、痰热壅肺证等7种。用于治疗外感咳嗽类中成药45种,占比60%,其中用于外感风热咳嗽35种,风寒咳嗽10种。用于治疗内伤咳嗽的中成药30种,其中治疗痰热壅肺咳嗽19种,痰湿蕴肺咳嗽4种、痰食积滞咳嗽4种、阴虚肺热咳嗽2种、肺脾气虚咳嗽1种。组方分析发现,甘草、桔梗、黄芩、苦杏仁、陈皮出现频次较高,以寒性,苦、甘味药为主,主要归肺、胃经。从给药途径和剂型来看,经胃肠道给药71种,其中颗粒剂20种,口服液15种,其他还包括糖浆剂、丸剂、胶囊剂、片剂、散剂、露剂、膏剂、茶剂等;非胃肠道给药的仅有2个栓剂和2个注射剂。大多数药物用法用量不明确。结论:2020年版《中国药典》(一部)中治疗儿童咳嗽中成药的治疗证型以外感风热证、痰热壅肺证为主,用药以寒性,苦、甘味为主,其归经主要为肺、胃经。外感风热证药味多选用黄芩、金银花、连翘;外感风寒证药味多选用紫苏叶、陈皮、麻黄;痰热壅肺证药味多选用黄芩、Objective: To analyze the functions and indications, formulation, dosage form and medication characteristics of Chinese patent medicines in the 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia(part Ⅰ)for treating cough of children,and to provide ideas for the clinical rational application and provide reference for the research and development of new cough medicines for children. Method: The name, dosage form,formulation,functions and indications,usage and dosage,and other information of Chinese patent medicines for cough were collected from the 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia(part Ⅰ),then relevant information was input into Integrative Pharmacology-based Research Platform of Traditional Chinese Medicine v2.0,and data analysis and mining were carried out through the analysis module of prescription medication rule,VOSviewer 1.6.14 was used to make drug clustering network view of Chinese patent medicines for the treatment of exogenous wind cold,exogenous wind heat and phlegm heat cough. Result: In the 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia(part Ⅰ),a total of 75 kinds of Chinese patent medicines for treating cough of children were collected,including 34 kinds of Chinese patent medicines for adults and children,41 kinds of Chinese patent medicines for children only. There were 7 types of traditional Chinese medicine syndromes,such as wind-cold attacking the lung,wind-heat invading the lung and phlegm-heat obstructing the lung. There were 45 Chinese patent medicines for treating exogenous cough,accounting for 60%,among which 35 kinds were used for exogenous wind-heat cough and 10 kinds were used for wind-cold cough. There were 30 kinds of Chinese patent medicines for treating internal injury cough,including 19 kinds of medicines for phlegm heat obstructing the lung,4 kinds of medicines for phlegm dampness containing the lung and phlegm food stagnation,2 kinds of medicines for Yin-deficiency lung heat, 1 kind of medicine for the lung and spleen Qi-deficiency. The formulation analysis showed that Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rh

关 键 词：《中华人民共和国药典》 儿童 咳嗽 中成药 用药规律 药性 剂型 

分 类 号：R22[医药卫生—中医基础理论] R94[医药卫生—中医学]