基于实船观测的北极东北航线窗口期海冰冰情研究  

Study of ice condition on the Northeast Route during window period based on onboard observation

作　　者：胡冰 于淼 李志远 王德禹[1] 陈晓东[4] HU Bing;YU Miao;LI Zhi-yuan;WANG De-yu;CHEN Xiao-dong(State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;China COSCO Shipping Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200127,China;State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China;State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学海洋工程国家重点实验室,上海200240 [2]中国远洋海运集团有限公司,上海200127 [3]大连理工大学海岸和近海工程国家重点实验室,辽宁大连116024 [4]大连理工大学工业装备结构分析国家重点实验室,辽宁大连116024

出　　处：《船舶力学》2021年第8期1001-1009,共9页Journal of Ship Mechanics

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFE0111400)。

摘　　要：随着全球气候变暖,北极海冰覆盖范围的日趋减小使得北极航道的夏季通航性不断提高。与通过苏伊士运河的传统航线相比,北极东北航道可以节省欧洲和亚洲之间近三分之一的航行距离。然而,北极海冰不可避免地为北极航运带来极大的挑战。为此,在2018年夏季窗口期期间在中远“天佑号”东北航道航行过程中对航线冰情开展了走航观测。通过船载摄像机对航道中的海冰视频图像进行采集,并通过图像处理软件对海冰密集度进行提取。数据显示,窗口航道中海冰类型主要为低密集度的碎冰且部分碎冰内部夹杂着冰脊,其中平均密集度为17.8%,而最高值可达80%。此外,将视频数据与遥感数据进行对比分析,结果表明卫星遥感数据在低密集度(0-0.2)时存在一定的低估,而在较高密集度下则偏向高估。With the globe warmed,the reduction of ice cover in the Arctic continually increases the navigability of the Arctic route in the window period.Compared with the traditional route through the Suez Canal,the Northeast Route can save one third of the distance between Europe and Asia.However,the existence of sea ice brings significant challenges to the navigation safety.In the summer of 2018,the ice conditions were observed and recorded by a video camera system installed on MV Tianyou during the Arctic cruise.And the ice concentration was obtained from the images.It is shown that the sea ices consist of broken ices and a few ice ridges as well as melting pools.The overall concentration is 17.8%in average with a maximum value of 80%.Furthermore,analysis of the difference between the data from the video camera and satellite images shows that the ice concentration from the satellite is underestimated when the concentration is below 20%and is overestimated at high concentrations.

关 键 词：极地航行 北极东北航道 走航观测 卫星遥感 海冰 

分 类 号：U662.3[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]