紫石英的矿物学特征及重金属处理工艺的响应面优化  

Mineralogy of fluoritum and optimization of heavy metal treatment process by Responsesurface methodology

作　　者：张丽倩[1,2] 周栋[1,3] 刘养杰 吴天钰 赵艺卓 王成 曹玉萍[1] ZHANG Liqian;ZHOU Dong;LIU Yangjie;WU Tianyu;ZHAO Yizhuo;WANG Cheng;CAO Yuping(Shaanxi Institute of International Trade and Commerce of Geosciences,Xianyang,Shaanxi,712046 P.R.China;Chang’an University,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710054 P.R.China;Shaanxi College of Communication Technology,Xi’an,Shaanxi,710016 P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]陕西国际商贸学院,陕西咸阳712046 [2]长安大学,陕西西安710054 [3]陕西交通职业技术学院,陕西西安710016

出　　处：《华西药学杂志》2021年第4期427-432,共6页West China Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

基　　金：陕西省教育厅一般专项科研计划项目(21JK0516);陕西省健康文化研究中心科研项目(JKWH2019-Z06,JKWH2019-Q20)。

摘　　要：目的分析矿物药紫石英的矿物学特征,优化其降低重金属的工艺。方法采用外观性状鉴定、偏光显微镜、红外光谱、扫描电镜(SEM)鉴别紫石英的矿物学特征;采用响应面法优化米曲霉真菌菌丝吸附紫石英中重金属离子的工艺。结果紫石英的外观性状以浅紫色、八面体晶型、菱面体解理及偏光显微镜下全消光来综合鉴定。煅烧前后主要红外光谱差异为2359.76、1507.22、777.80、417.11 cm^(-1),其中,2359.76 cm^(-1)是反对称伸缩振动,1636.04、1507.22 cm^(-1)是C=O双键伸缩振动,其他峰值出现伸缩和变形振动。SEM分析紫石英的主要元素为F和Ca,还有其他微量元素C、O、Nb、Al等;煅紫石英中Ca元素增加,有害元素减少。SEM图可见:生品有明显的菱面体结构和棉絮状结构,而煅品的结构模糊,菱形结构不明显。最优重金属处理工艺为:吸附时间3 h,吸附温度37℃,pH6.0,2.00 g米曲霉菌丝,50目筛。综合预测米曲霉菌丝体的有效吸附率为93.36%,系统优化率高达93.9%。结论时间-温度-米曲霉含量、pH值-目筛、时间-温度-pH值的交互效力较显著,是吸附重金属和提高氟化钙纯度的主要方向。OBJECTIVE To analyze mineralogical characteristics of fluoritum and to optimize the process of reducing heavy metals.METHODS Characterization,polarized light microscopy,fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)were used to study the mineralogy of fluoritum.Response surface methodology(RSM)was used to optimize the adsorption process of heavy metal ions from fluoritum by Aspergillus oryzae.RESELTS The appearance of fluoritum was characterized by light purple,octahedral crystal,rhombohedral cleavage and total polarized light microscopy extinction.Before and after the calcination,the main infrared spectra were 2359.76,1507.22,777.80,and 417.11 cm^(-1),in which 2359.76 cm^(-1) was antisymmetric stretching vibration,and 1636.04 cm^(-1) and 1507.22 cm^(-1) were C=O double bond stretching vibration;other peaks exhibited expansion and deformation vibrations.The main elements of fluoritum analyzed by SEM were F and Ca,as well as other micronutrients such as C,O,Nb and Al.It could be observed by SEM that the raw product had obvious rhomb structure and cotton-like structure,while the structure of the product was not that obvious.The optimum solution of CCD response surface model was to control the adsorption time at 3 h,the temperature at 37℃ and the pH of 6 with fungal mycelium of 2.00 g after screened by 50-mesh sieve.The effective adsorption rate of fungal mycelium was 93.36%,and the optimization rate of the system was 93.9%.CONCLUSION Time-temperature-content of Aspergillus oryzae,pH value-mesh sieve and time-temperature-pH value have significant interaction effect,which are the keys to optimize the process of adsorbing heavy metals and improving the purity of calcium fluoride.

关 键 词：矿物药 紫石英 矿物学 响应面法 重金属 鉴定特征 化学成分 米曲霉 结构 工艺 

分 类 号：R917[医药卫生—药物分析学]