Genomes of 12 fig wasps provide insights into the adaptation of pollinators to fig syconia  

作　　者：Jinhua Xiao Xianqin Wei Yi Zhou Zhaozhe Xin Yunheng Miao Hongxia Hou Jiaxing Li Dan Zhao Jing Liu Rui Chen Liming Niu Guangchang Ma Wenquan Zhen Shunmin He Jianxia Wang Xunfan Wei Weihao Dou Zhuoxiao Sui Haikuan Zhang Shilai Xing Miao Shi Dawei Huang 

机构地区：[1]Institute of Entomology,College of Life Sciences,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China [2]Institute of Zoology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China [3]Environment and Plant Protection Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou 571101,China [4]Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation,College of Marine Sciences,Beibu Gulf University,Qinzhou 535011,China [5]Institute of Biophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China [6]Berry Genomics Corporation,Beijing 102206,China

出　　处：《Journal of Genetics and Genomics》2021年第3期225-236,共12页遗传学报（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31830084,31970440 and 32070466);supported by“the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities”,Nankai University(96172158,96173250 and 91822294)。

摘　　要：Figs and fig pollinators are one of the few classic textbook examples of obligate pollination mutualism.The specific dependence of fig pollinators on the relatively safe living environment with sufficient food sources in the enclosed fig syconia implies that they are vulnerable to habitat changes.However,there is still no extensive genomic evidence to reveal the evolutionary footprint of this long-term mutually beneficial symbiosis in fig pollinators.In fig syconia,there are also non-pollinator species.The non-pollinator species differ in their evolutionary and life histories from pollinators.We conducted comparative analyses on 11 newly sequenced fig wasp genomes and one previously published genome.The pollinators colonized the figs approximately 66.9 million years ago,consistent with the origin of host figs.Compared with nonpollinators,many more genes in pollinators were subject to relaxed selection.Seven genes were absent in pollinators in response to environmental stress and immune activation.Pollinators had more streamlined gene repertoires in the innate immune system,chemosensory toolbox,and detoxification system.Our results provide genomic evidence for the differentiation between pollinators and nonpollinators.The data suggest that owing to the long-term adaptation to the fig,some genes related to functions no longer required are absent in pollinators.

关 键 词：PHYLOGENETICS Natural selection IMMUNITY CHEMOSENSORY Adaptive evolution 

分 类 号：S663.3[农业科学—果树学] S897.3[农业科学—园艺学]