闪爆稻秆纤维/聚乙烯醇制品热压成型及性能研究  

Study on Preparation and Properties of Steam Exploded Rice Straw Fiber/Polyvinyl Alcohol Complex Products by Hot Pressing

作　　者：冯彦洪 张丁山 王端 周喜灵 黄卫东 FENG Yan-hong;ZHANG Ding-shan;WANG Duan;ZHOU Xi-ling;HUANG Wei-dong(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing,Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering,Ministry of Education,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510640,Guangdong,P.R.China;Zhengxin Packaging Co.,Ltd.,Dongguan 523119,Guangdong,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]广东省高分子先进制造技术及装备重点实验室,聚合物成型加工工程教育部重点实验室,华南理工大学,广东广州510640 [2]东莞市正新包装制品有限公司,广东东莞523119

出　　处：《林产工业》2021年第8期1-6,29,共7页China Forest Products Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51873073);广州市科技计划项目(202002030350);东莞市研究生联合培养(实践)工作站(2019707105026)。

摘　　要：采用连续式螺杆闪爆预处理稻秆,得到闪爆稻秆纤维(SERS)。以聚乙烯醇(PVA)为胶黏剂,将具有一定含水率的SERS与PVA粉末直接混合,热压制备复合制品。探究了SERS含水率、PVA种类和成型温度对制品机械性能的影响。结果表明:稻秆纤维中适当的水分能够增塑PVA,软化稻秆纤维,促进两者在成型过程中的塑性形变能力。以含水率为10%的SERS和PVA0588为原料,在210℃下热压制备的SERS/PVA复合板材,其弯曲强度和弯曲模量分别达到57.92 MPa和6780 MPa,2 h吸水厚度膨胀率仅为16.7%。基于相同成型工艺可高效制备形状复杂的复合容器,有利于实现植物纤维的高效与高值化利用。The rice straw was pretreated by continuous screw steam explosion to obtain steam exploded rice straw fibers(SERS).Polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)was used as adhesive.SERS containing a small amount of water was directly mixed with PVA powder to prepare composite products by hot pressing.The effects of SERS moisture content,PVA kind,and molding temperature on the mechanical properties of products were investigated.The results showed that a proper moisture content in SERS can plasticize PVA and soften SERS,which was necessary and important to promote their deformation ability during molding process.When SERS and PVA0588 with 10%moisture content were hot pressed at 210℃,the flexural strength and flexural modulus of the SERS/PVA composite board were 57.92 MPa and 6780 MPa,respectively,and the water thickness swelling rate after 2 h was only 16.7%.Furthermore,based on the same molding technology,composite container with complex shapes could be made efficiently,which was conducive to the efficient and high-value utilization of plant fibers.

关 键 词：连续式闪爆 稻秆 聚乙烯醇 成型方法 复合容器 性能 

分 类 号：TS653[轻工技术与工程]