攀枝花市区18~36月龄儿童孤独症谱系障碍调查与疗效分析  

Investigation and Therapeutic Effect Analysis of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Children Aged 18~36 Months in Panzhihua City

作　　者：邹奕[1] 李培轩[1] 刘亚[1] 沈笑梅 唐俊[1] 程英[1] Zou Yi;Li Peixuan;Liu Ya(Panzhihua Women and Children Health Hospital,Panzhihua,Sichuau 617000,China)

机构地区：[1]攀枝花市妇幼保健院,四川攀枝花617000

出　　处：《四川医学》2021年第7期702-705,共4页Sichuan Medical Journal

基　　金：攀枝花市科技计划项目(编号:2018CY-S-15)。

摘　　要：目的了解攀枝花市区18~36月龄儿童孤独症谱系障碍的患病情况及治疗效果。方法在本市3个城区采用分层整群抽样的方法,抽取18~36月龄儿童1957名,进行早期预警征问卷调查,早期预警征阳性的儿童进行M-CHAT问卷、孤独症行为量表(ABC)、儿童孤独症评定量表(CARS)、象征性游戏(SPT)、语言发育评估、GESELL智力筛查。依据DSM-5孤独症诊断标准进行诊断。采用孤独症以及相关障碍儿童治疗教育课程(TEACCH)及人际关系发展干预疗法(RDI)进行康复干预,定期评估随访。结果攀枝花市区18~36月龄儿童孤独症谱系障碍的患病率为0.56%,其中男孩患病率为0.72%,女孩为0.36%,患病人数男女比例为2.7∶1;轻度孤独症谱系障碍患儿最多,占63.64%;治疗后总有效率为72.72%。结论在幼儿早期进行孤独症谱系障碍筛查有助于早诊断、早治疗,从而改善患儿预后。Objective To investigate the prevalence and treatment effect of autism spectrum disorder(ASD)in children aged 18~36 months in urban areas of Panzhihua City.Method 1957 children aged 18 to 36 months in three areas were selected by stratified cluster sampling.They were screened with early warning sign questionnaire.All positive children accepted M-CHAT,autism behavior scale(ABC),childhood autism rating scale(CARS),symbolic play test(SPT),language development assessment,and GESELL intelligence screening.They were diagnosed with diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders,fifth edition(DSM-V).Children with ASD were treated by treatment and education of autistic and related communication handicapped children(TEACCH)and relationship development intervention(RDI).Regular evaluation and follow-up were performed after treatment.Results Prevalence rate of ASD was 0.56%in children aged 18~36 months of Panzhihua city,and rate was 0.72%of boys and 0.36%of girls that ratio of male to female was 2.7∶1.Children with mild ASD nccounted for 63.64%.The total effective rate after treatment was 72.72%.Conclusion Early screening of ASD would be helpful for early diagnosis and treatment to improve prognosis and life quality.

关 键 词：孤独症谱系障碍 早期筛查 调查 疗效 分析 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]