机器人手术在小儿外科领域的应用现状  

Current applications of robotic procedures in pediatric surgery

作　　者：张书豪 高志刚[1] 钭金法[1] 王金湖[1] 应力阳[1] 谭征[1] 陈光杰[1] 陶畅[1] 舒强[1] Zhang Shuhao;Gao Zhigang;Tou Jinfa;Wang Jinhu;Ying Liyang;Tan Zheng;Chen Guangjie;Tao Chang;Shu Qiang(Affiliated Children’s Hospital,Zhejiang University School of Medicine,National Clinical Research Center for Children s Health,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院,浙江省杭州市310000

出　　处：《临床小儿外科杂志》2021年第8期701-707,共7页Journal of Clinical Pediatric Surgery

基　　金：浙江省腹腔脏器微创诊治临床医学研究(编号:01492-02)。

摘　　要：腹腔镜手术和胸腔镜手术在小儿外科领域发展迅速,部分情况下甚至已经取代开腹手术和开胸手术。尽管腔镜手术后康复快且伤口瘢痕小,但受到腔镜设备操作精度、灵活性以及二维手术视野的限制,腔镜手术并没有在复杂的器官重建手术中得到广泛应用。儿童患者组织脆弱和有限的手术操作空间对微创手术提出了更大的挑战。2001年,儿童机器人手术首次被报道,其仿真手腕机械臂、3D手术视野、7个自由度旋转以及震颤过滤弥补了腔镜手术的不足。之后二十年间,机器人手术在小儿外科领域得到了广泛应用。本文阐述机器人手术在小儿普外科、泌尿外科以及心胸外科的应用现状及其较传统手术方式的优劣。Laparoscopy and thoracoscopy have developed so rapidly within the field of pediatric surgery as to even replace open surgery in some situations.Although mini-invasive surgery offers minimal surgical scars and shorter hospital stays,widespread use in complex organic reconstruction is hindered due to the drawbacks of device accuracy,poor dexterity with laparoscopic instruments and two-dimensional vision.Especially in children,fragile tissues and limited operating space pose huge challenges to mini-invasive surgery.First reported in 2001,pediatric robotic surgery has overcame many obstacles of mini-invasive surgery with its 4th arm for retraction,3-D visualization,7-degree range of motion and tremor elimination.During the ensuing two decades,robotic surgery developed rapidly.This review summarized current applications and its superiorities of pediatric robotic surgery in general surgery,urology and cardiothoracic surgery.

关 键 词：机器人手术 腹腔镜检查 胸腔镜检查 泌尿外科手术 胸外科手术 外科手术/普通外科学 

分 类 号：R726[医药卫生—儿科] R726.1[医药卫生—临床医学]