阿尔茨海默病性痴呆正式照护者照护知识知晓情况调查  

Survey on the awareness of care knowledge among main caregivers of Alzheimer′s disease dementia

作　　者：于婷婷 谭小林[1] 周艳 程雪[1] 曹国兴[1] 蒋平静 陈非 李华平[1] YU Tingting;TAN Xiaolin;ZHOU Yan;CHENG Xue;CAO Guoxing;JIANG Pingjing;CHEN Fei;LI Huaping(Department of Geriatrics,Chongqing Mental Health Center,Chongqing 401147,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市精神卫生中心老年科,重庆401147

出　　处：《现代医药卫生》2021年第16期2697-2700,2704,共5页Journal of Modern Medicine & Health

基　　金：重庆市科学技术局技术创新与应用发展专项面上项目(cstc2019jscx-msxmX0171)。

摘　　要：目的探讨阿尔茨海默病(AD)性痴呆正式照护者的照护知识知晓情况及其影响因素。方法2020年2-3月在重庆市精神卫生中心、重庆新屋医院、重庆市巴南区花溪街道养老服务中心3家医疗机构中,按随机数字表法选取符合国际疾病分类第十版(ICD-10)诊断标准的AD性痴呆患者及其主要照护者(1名患者对应1名照护者)作为研究对象,进行问卷调查、量表评定和统计分析。结果(1)知晓情况总体得分(82.07±22.76)分,患者、照护者、环境问题3个维度得分比较,差异无统计学意义(F=0.009,P=0.991)。其中知晓情况得分较高的前三项是康复指导、护患沟通、照护者支持;知晓情况得分较低的前三项是环境设置、人文关怀、患者需求。(2)知晓情况总体得分与患者婚姻、患并发症、谵妄症状、幻觉妄想、危险程度、照护性别、物理环境呈负相关(P<0.05),与患者发病次数、饮食睡眠、照护天数、社交人文、认识能力、生活能力呈正相关(P<0.05)。(3)患者谵妄症状、生活能力、患并发症、患者婚姻及物理环境是正式照护者知晓情况总分的主要影响因素(P<0.001)。结论正式照护者需要提升以人为中心的专业照护理念,同时关注患者的身心状态与环境因素。Objective To explore the awareness and influencing factors of care knowledge among main caregivers of Alzheimer′s disease(AD)dementia.Methods From February to March 2020,in Chongqing Mental Health Center,Chongqing Xinwu Hospital,and Huaxi Street Elderly Service Center in Banan District of Chongqing City,AD dementia patients with diagnostic criteria and their main caregivers(1 patient corresponds to 1 caregiver)were randomly selected as the research object according to the random number table in line with the tenth edition of the International Classification of Diseases(ICD-10),for questionnaire survey,scale evaluation and statistical analysis.Results(1)The overall score of awareness was(82.07±22.76)score,and there was no statistical significance in the scores of patients,caregivers and environment problems(F=0.009,P=0.991).Among the overall score,the top three awareness scores were rehabilitation guidance,nurser-patient communication and caregiver support.The first three areas with low awareness were environment setting,humanistic care and patient needs.(2)The overall scores of awareness was negatively correlated with marriage,complications,delirium symptoms,hallucination,risk degree,gender of care,physical environment(P<0.05),and which was positively correlated with the number of onset,diet and sleep,days of care,social humanities,cognitive ability and life ability(P<0.05).(3)Delirium symptoms,living ability,complications,marriage and physical environment were the main influencing factors for overall scores of awareness among main caregivers(P<0.001).Conclusion The main caregivers need to improve the concept of human centered professional care,and pay attention to the physical and mental state and environmental factors of patients.

关 键 词：阿尔茨海默病 痴呆 正式照护者 知晓情况 影响因素 现况调查 

分 类 号：R749.16[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]