仪式规程框架下政治演讲语篇的语用策略与动因研究--以特朗普总统任内《国情咨文》文本为例(2018-2020)  

A Ritual Frame-based Study of the Pragmatic Strategies and Motivations in Political Speeches:An Analysis of Trump's of the Union Address(2018-2020)

作　　者：张森 刘风光[1,2] Zhang Sen;LIU Fengguang

机构地区：[1]大连外国语大学科研处,辽宁大连 [2]大连外国语大学英语学院,辽宁大连

出　　处：《语言教育》2021年第3期40-46,共7页Language Education

基　　金：2018年度大连外国语大学科研基金青年项目“基于言语事件的独白式政治话语主体间性与语言礼貌研究”(项目编号:2018XJQN11)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：本研究以特朗普总统任内的国情咨文演讲为语料,在仪式规程框架下,从词汇选择、修辞手段和规程表征三个层面进行历时语用分析,考察政治演讲语篇中的语用策略和深层动因。研究发现,特朗普在历年国情咨文演讲中充分调动多元语用语言手段,如:人称指示语、情态助动词、头韵、对偶及排比修辞与策略性的规程表征等,进行政治说服,意在与在场和不在场的受众建立关系联结,以获得公众支持,并最终实现谋求其政策合法性的政治交际意图。本研究将仪式规程框架应用于(非人际)书面政治交际语篇分析,旨在补证传统盎格鲁语用学研究范式与分析模式,丰富语言与政治共变关系研究的内涵,进一步拓宽仪式规程框架在政治语言学研究领域的适用范围,增强其在系统把握与精准捕捉政治交际动态变化特征过程中的解释力与有效性。This study conducts a diachronic pragmatic analysis of a self-built corpus of all transcripts of State of the Union Address delivered by President Trump since he took office.The paper examines the pragmatic strategies and motivations involved in political speeches under the ritual frame,by focusing on lexical choices,rhetorical devices and ritual representations.The research results reveal that President Trump often adopts personal deixis and modal verbs,alliteration,antithesis and syntactic parallelism,as well as other ritual representations to maximize the persuasive power of his speeches.Such pragmatic tools occur to enable the President to(1)align with recipients both present and absent;(2)gain support from the general public;and(3)accomplish the ultimate goal of political communication,that is,seeking to legitimise his policy-making process.The current study contributes to political linguistic theory by bringing together the concept of ritual frame with inquiry into(impersonal)written discourse in political communication.The objectives of the present research are as follows.Firstly,it complements existing paradigms of traditional Anglo-centric interpretations of pragmatics.Secondly,it enriches research on the interface between language and politics.Thirdly,it furthers research on ritual frame,by incorporating this concept into political linguistic studies,hence enhancing its explanatory power and effectiveness in systematically grasping and accurately capturing the dynamic features of political communication.

关 键 词：仪式规程框架 政治演讲语篇 策略与动因 

分 类 号：H0[语言文字—语言学]