高寒草甸冬季牧场土壤持水能力对草地封育的响应  

The Response of Soil Water Holding Capacity of Alpine Meadow in Winter Pasture to Enclosure

作　　者：李红琴 吴夏璐 张法伟[2,3] 贺慧丹 祝景彬 李英年[2] 曹广民[2] 周华坤[2,3] LI Hong-qin;WU Xia-lu;ZHANG Fa-wei;HE Hui-dan;ZHU Jing-bin;LI Ying-nian;CAO Guang-min;ZHOU Hua-kun(College of Life Science,Luoyang Normal University,Luoyang 471934,China;Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota,Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining 810008,China;Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Restoration Ecology in Cold Region,Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining 810008,China;College of Tourism,Resources and Environment,Zaozhuang University,Zaozhuang 277160,China)

机构地区：[1]洛阳师范学院生命科学学院,河南洛阳471934 [2]中国科学院西北高原生物研究所高原生物适应与进化重点实验室,青海西宁810008 [3]中国科学院西北高原生物研究所青海省寒区恢复生态学重点实验室,青海西宁810008 [4]枣庄学院旅游与资源环境学院,山东枣庄277160

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2021年第8期1-8,共8页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0501802);国家自然科学基金(41730752,41877547);青海省科技基础条件平台建设专项项目(2018-ZJ-T09);青海省创新平台建设专项(2017-ZJ-Y20)。

摘　　要：以祁连山东段冷龙岭南麓的高寒草甸冬季牧场为研究对象,采用“空间序列代替时间序列”的方法探讨不同草地封育年限(0年:自由放牧,7、10、11、13、16、18、21和23年)对土壤理化性状及持水能力的影响。结果表明,土壤容重、有机碳和全氮等理化性状对草地封育无显著响应,其变化幅度小于5%,土壤饱和持水量、毛管持水量和田间持水量的相对变幅小于0.5%,表现出较大稳定性。而土壤理化性状及持水能力随封育年限亦无显著变化趋势,主要受土壤深度影响(P<0.001)。另外,土壤持水能力主要来源于毛管持水量(90.6%),集中在0~20cm的浅层土壤,受控于土壤容重(R^(2)=0.87,P<0.001)。综上所述,该地区高寒草甸的土壤固碳持水功能可能已达到自然饱和稳态,对草地封育表现出较高的保守性。研究结果可为祁连山区高寒草甸的适应性分区管理提供参考。The alpine meadow in winter pasture in the eastern Qilian Mountains was selected as the research subject to explore the effect of different enclosure durations(0:natural grazing,7,10,11,13,16,18,21,and 23 years)on soil physicochemical characteristics and water holding capacity by using the substitution method of space for time.The results showed that soil physicochemical characteristics such as soil bulk density,organic carbon content,and total nitrogen content had no significant response to enclosure,in which the variation was less than 5%.And the relative variation of soil saturated water content,capillary water content,and field water content was less than 0.5%.Furthermore,there were no significant changes in soil physicochemical characteristics and soil water holding capacity with the increase of enclosure duration,which was significantly affected by soil depth(P<0.001).Moreover,the soil water holding capacity was mainly from capillary water holding capacity(90.6%),which was concentrated in 0~20 cm shallow soil layer,and was mainly controlled by soil bulk density(R^(2)=0.87,P<0.001).In summary,the soil carbon fixation and water holding capacity of alpine meadow in this area might have reached the saturation state,showing a high conservation to enclosure.These findings of the study can provide references for the adaptive reginal management of alpine meadow in Qilian Mountains.

关 键 词：高寒草甸 土壤持水量 土壤固碳 封育年限 适应性管理 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]