基于斜坡响应的实用闭环系统辨识方法及其应用  

Practical Closed-loop System Identification Method Based on Slope Response and Its Application

作　　者：杨栋 曹子飞 潘凤萍 吴茂坤 吴振龙 YANG Dong;CAO Zifei;PAN Fengping;WU Maokun;WU Zhenlong(Huadian Laizhou Power Generation Co.,Ltd.,Yantai,Shandong 261441,China;China Southern Power Grid Technology Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510080,China;School of Electrical Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou,Henan 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]华电莱州发电有限公司,山东烟台261441 [2]南方电网电力科技股份有限公司,广东广州510080 [3]郑州大学电气工程学院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《广东电力》2021年第8期120-128,共9页Guangdong Electric Power

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目(212102311052)。

摘　　要：火电机组在运行过程中,一般不允许进行开环试验,这不利于控制策略的优化。为解决该问题,提出一种基于斜坡响应并考虑前馈控制的闭环系统辨识方法。通过理论分析,推导出包含PID控制器、前馈控制器和二阶惯性加纯延迟系统的闭环系统最小二乘形式,根据运行数据辨识出二阶惯性加纯延迟对象的参数值。在此基础上,提出基于鲁棒性约束的PI控制器参数整定方法,采用最大灵敏度函数作为约束,通过遗传算法对性能指标进行优化,得到优化参数。将所提出的闭环系统辨识方法及控制器参数优化方法应用于某机组的低压加热器,运行数据表明优化后的控制器能够明显提高系统的动态跟踪性能与稳态抗干扰性能,减小动态过程中的超调量和稳态过程中的水位波动范围。During the operation of thermal power units,open-loop experiments are prohibited generally,which is not conducive to optimization of the control strategy.To solve this problem,a closed-loop system identification method based on slope response and feedforward control is proposed.Through theoretical analysis,the least square form of the closed-loop system including the proportional-integral-derivative controller,the feedforward control and the second-order plus delay system is derived,and the parameter values of the second-order plus delay system is obtained according to the operating data.Then,a PI parameter tuning method based on robustness constraint is proposed which takes the maximum sensitivity function as the constraint and the performance index is optimized by genetic algorithm.The proposed closed-loop identification method and controller parameter optimization method are applied to the low-pressure heater of a power unit.The operating data indicates the optimized controller can significantly improve the dynamic tracking performance and steady-state disturbance rejection performance,as well as reduce overshoot in the dynamic process and water level fluctuation range,showing a promising future in field industrial processes.

关 键 词：闭环辨识 斜坡响应 前馈控制 PID控制器 参数优化 低压加热器 

分 类 号：TM621[电气工程—电力系统及自动化] TP13[自动化与计算机技术—控制理论与控制工程]