民事上诉利益作为法律分析工具的基本问题  

Study on the Main Problems of Civil Appeal Interest as a Tool of Legal Analysis

作　　者：余晓汉 Yu Xiaohan

机构地区：[1]最高人民法院知识产权法庭

出　　处：《中国应用法学》2021年第4期117-128,共12页China Journal of Applied Jurisprudence

摘　　要：我国民事上诉制度中应当将上诉利益作为当事人提起上诉的合法性要件,即启动二审程序的前提条件。鉴于目前我国《民事诉讼法》及其司法解释中并无“上诉利益”概念,法官在裁判案件过程中只能将“上诉利益”作为法律分析的工具,而不宜直接使用“上诉利益”概念和原理进行说理论证。法官应当通过法律发现途径,对我国《民事诉讼法》第13条第1款和第164条、第165条等法条进行合理解释,明确有关裁判规则。其中,有两项裁判规则应当重点明确:第一,我国《民事诉讼法》第164条第1款规定的上诉条件“当事人不服地方人民法院第一审判决”,是指当事人认为原判决主文错误而不服判决书中的判决主文的情形;第二,一审判决结果对其并无不利的当事人提起上诉,属于违反诚信原则而滥用或者不当行使诉讼权利的行为,法院应裁定予以驳回。In China’s civil appeal system,the appeal interest should be regarded as a legal requirement for the parties to file an appeal,namely,the prerequisite for initialing the procedure of second instance.In view of the condition that there is no concept of“appeal interest”in the Civil Procedure Law of PRC and its judicial interpretations at present,the judges can only take“appeal interest”as a tool of legal analysis in the process of adjudicating cases,rather than directly using the concept and principle of“appeal interest”for reasoning in the judicative papers.The judge should reasonably interpret paragraph 1of Article 13,Article 164,Article 165 and other relevant articles of the Civil Procedure Law of PRC through the legal methods of discovering laws,so as to find and clarify the relevant adjudication rules in detail.Such two rules should be established:First,the condition of appeal stipulated in paragraph 1 of Article 164 of the Civil Procedure Law of PRC,namely,“the party refuses to accept the judgment of the first instance of the local people’s court”,refers to the situation that the party considers that the conclusions of judgment in the judicative paper is wrong and refuses to accept the conclusions of the judgment.Second,the appeal filed by the party on whom the result of the first instance judgment has no adverse effect,constitutes an abuse or improper exercise of procedural rights in violation of the principle of good faith,and shall be dismissed by the court in the end.

关 键 词：上诉利益 既判力 形式不服说 

分 类 号：D925.1[政治法律—诉讼法学]