民族地区社会心理服务的困境及优化  

Research on Social Psychological Services in Ethnic Minority Areas

作　　者：李静[1,2] 强健 Li Jing;Qiang Jian(Center for Studies of Ethnic Minorities in Northwest China,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou,730000,Gansu;School of Education,Hulunbuir University,Hailar,021008,Inner Mongolia,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学铸牢中华民族共同体意识研究培育基地,甘肃兰州730000 [2]兰州大学西北少数民族研究中心,甘肃兰州730000 [3]呼伦贝尔学院

出　　处：《民族学刊》2021年第5期41-49,111,共10页Journal of Ethnology

基　　金：国家社科基金“铸牢中华民族共同体意识”研究专项“铸牢中华民族共同体意识的心理机制研究”(20VMZ011)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：社会心理服务是运用心理学理论和方法,在多方参与合作的基础上解决社会心态培育、社会心理疏导、社会情绪调节等问题的重要手段,是深化心理建设和强化社会建设的内在需求。在民族地区开展社会心理服务,是推进国家治理体系现代化的一次重大拓展,也是新时代民族工作的一项伟大创新。我国作为统一的多民族国家,各民族基于居住地域的特殊性和民族文化的多元性,逐渐形成了具有和谐性、包容性和差异性等特征的民族心理,但也因历史、语言、文化等方面影响民族交往交流交融。社会心理服务作为促进各民族积极互动、协调发展的重要手段,在具备接受度高、有效性强和易于推广传播等优势的同时,也存在着认识不足、人才匮乏和基础设施落后等现实问题。因此,欲推进与完善民族地区社会心理服务,可通过建立社会心理服务系统,引导理性民族认知;完善社会心理服务网络,搭建民族交往交流交融平台;开展特色社会心理服务,传承中华优秀文化等途径,使人们形成正确的民族认知、维系深厚的民族情感、弘扬伟大的民族精神,在不断提高各族民众心理素质与心理健康水平的过程中,构建团结稳定的民族社会环境。The implementation of social-psychological services in ethnic areas is a considerable step towards further modernizing the national governance system;moreover,It's also a significant innovation in ethnic work in the new era.Therefore,it is necessary to analyze the pros and cons of developing social-psychological services in ethnic minority areas as to make sure everything works well.As for the pros,because of continuous improvement of the quality of education in ethnic regions,people increasingly attach importance to mental health problems;this reflects the explicit need for improvement of the poor mental health status in ethnic minority areas.Secondly,the time-honored cultural wealth of ethnic minority areas provides a rich cultural basis for the development of social-psychological services with local characteristics and thereby enhances the effectiveness of these services.Finally,the unique geographical distribution of various ethnic groups in China makes it easier to promote and spread social-psychological services.The development of social-psychological serrices in ethnic minority areas also faces certain difficulties.First of all,due to the lack of relevant documents and policy support,most staff members have received insufficient professional and systematic training,leading to an inadequate awareness of the importance of social-psychological services in ethnic minority areas.Secondly,there is a shortage of skillful personnel to carry out social-psychological services,and a lack of corresponding selection and training mechanisms in ethnic minority areas.Finally,compared with other developed cities in China,the overall infrastructure of mental health services in ethnic minority areas generally lags behind.Accelerating the increase in social-psychological service capacity in ethnic minority areas is of vital importance to the further modernization of both the national governance system and local social governance systems at the grassroots level.First,through the establishment of a social psychological service

关 键 词：社会心理服务 民族地区 社会心态 交往交流交融 

分 类 号：C955[社会学—民族学]