强再生力水稻品种碳氮营养与激素生理特征研究  

Physiological characters of carbon,nitrogen,and hormones in ratooning rice cultivars with strong regeneration ability

作　　者：黄素华[1] 林席跃 雷正平 丁在松[1] 赵明[1] HUANG Su-Hua;LIN Xi-Yue;LEI Zheng-Ping;DING Zai-Song;ZHAO Ming(Institute of Crop Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100081,China;Agricultural Technology Extension Station,Chongyi 341300,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/农业农村部作物生理生态与栽培重点开放实验室,北京100081 [2]江西省崇义县农业技术推广站,江西崇义341300

出　　处：《作物学报》2021年第11期2278-2289,共12页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0301602)资助。

摘　　要：明确强再生力品种腋芽萌发的生理基础与激素调控特点对于再生稻品种筛选和栽培技术调控具有重要意义。本研究利用在江西崇义县建立的再生稻品种筛选平台,分析了2019年筛选的13个品种头季收获时不同部位的非结构性碳水化合物(non-structural carbohydrate,NSC)及全氮含量,并对促进和抑制腋芽萌发的主要激素油菜素内酯和独脚金内酯的合成和信号转导关键基因的表达进行了研究。结果表明,13个品种的再生力存在较大的差异,变化范围为1.26~2.38;不同品种之间,不同节位之间的叶片、叶鞘和茎秆的可溶性糖、淀粉和非结构性碳水化合物含量均存在极显著的差异(P值均小于0.001);而全氮含量除了上下节位茎秆的差异不显著外,其余的也均存在极显著的差异;与再生力的相关性分析表明仅有下部节位茎秆的可溶性糖、淀粉和NSC含量与再生力相关性达到显著或极显著水平(R2分别为0.4442*、0.9000**和0.8303**),而其他均无显著相关性。强再生力品种谷优676中BR合成和信号途径中促进分蘖的基因CYP90A、CYP852A、D2、BRI、BSK和CYCD3表达水平增高,而抑制分蘖的基因CYP734A1、BZR和BKI表达水平较低。可见,可以利用下部节位茎秆的淀粉含量作为强再生力品种的筛选指标,同时以BR途径相关基因表达水平作为辅助指标。It is of great significance to clarify the physiological basis and hormone regulation characteristics of axillary bud ger-mination for the selection of ratoon rice cultivars with strong ratooning ability and the regulation of cultivation techniques.In this study,the content of non-structural carbohydrate(NSC)and total nitrogen in different parts of 13 cultivars selected in 2019 were analyzed at the first harvest stage using the screening platform established in Chongyi County,Jiangxi Province.The biosynthesis and signal transduction genes of brassinolides and strigolactones,which promoted and inhibited axillary bud germination,were also studied.The results showed that there were significant differences in the regeneration rate of 13 cultivars,ranging from 1.26 to 2.38.The contents of soluble sugar,starch and non-structural carbohydrate in leaves,leaf sheaths,and stems were significantly different among different cultivars at different node positions(P-values were all less than 0.001).The total nitrogen content was also significant difference among them except for the upper and lower node stems.The correlation analysis showed that the con-tents of the soluble sugar,starch and NSC of the stem at the lower node had significant or extremely significant correlation with the regeneration rates(R2=0.4442*,0.9000**,and 0.8303**,respectively),while there was no significant correlation in others.The relative expression levels of tillering promoting genes(CYP90A,CYP85A2,D2,BRI,BSK,and CYCD3)in BR synthesis and sig-nal pathway were higher,while the inhibited tillering genes(CYP734A1,BZR,and BKI)were lower in Guyou 676 with higher regeneration rates.In conclusion,the starch content in the stem at the lower node could be used as the screening index of strong regeneration ability cultivar,and also the relative expression levels of BR pathway related genes could be used as supplementary indexes.

关 键 词：再生稻 再生率 淀粉含量 油菜素内酯 基因表达 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]