科隆蛋扣件段钢轨波磨产生机理及发展特性  

Formation Mechanism and Development Properties of Rail Corrugation of Cologne Egg Fastener Section

作　　者：王志强 雷震宇 WANG Zhiqiang;LEI Zhenyu(Institute of Rail Transit,Tongji UniversityShanghai,201804,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学铁道与城市轨道交通研究院,上海201804

出　　处：《振动．测试与诊断》2021年第4期688-694,829,共8页Journal of Vibration,Measurement & Diagnosis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(11772230)。

摘　　要：为研究地铁钢轨波磨的产生机理和发展特性,通过建立车辆⁃轨道空间耦合模型和钢轨波磨评价模型,从频域和时域的角度分析波磨产生机理,并运用波磨增长率对科隆蛋扣件轨道钢轨波磨的产生机理和发展特性进行研究。基于频域的分析,对轨道结构模型进行模态分析和频响分析,发现存在与实测波磨通过频率接近的轨道结构固有频率,说明该频率所对应的振型更容易被激发出来,促使轨道结构发生共振现象,形成相应频率的波磨。基于时域的分析,运用车辆⁃轨道耦合模型,计算钢轨垂向振动加速度、钢轨垂向位移的时程曲线并进行频域变换,发现存在与实测波磨通过频率接近的特征频率,说明轨道结构相应频率下的振动是促进波磨形成的重要原因。车速的改变对波磨增长率的特征频率没有影响,体现了波磨的固定频率特性。随着列车运行次数的增加,特征频率对应波长的波磨逐渐形成并不断发展;波磨的波长范围和发展速度随着列车速度的增加而逐渐增大。In order to study the formation mechanism and development properties of rail corrugation in metro,through the establishment of vehicle-track space coupled model and rail corrugation evaluation model,the formation mechanism of corrugation is analyzed in frequency domain and time domain,and the development properties of corrugation are studied by using the corrugation growth rate.Based on the frequency domain analysis,through modal analysis and frequency response analysis of track structure model,it is found that natural frequencies of track structure are close to the passing frequencies of measured corrugation.It shows that the vibration modes corresponding to these frequencies can be more easily excited,which can cause the resonance phenomenon of track structure and form corrugation of corresponding frequencies.Based on the time domain analysis,the time history curves of rail vertical vibration acceleration and rail vertical displacement are calculated by using a vehicle-track coupled model and the frequency domain transformation is carried out.It is shown that there are characteristic frequencies close to the passing frequencies of measured corrugation,which indicates that the vibration of track structure at corresponding frequencies is an important reason to promote the formation of corrugation.The change of vehicle speed has no effect on characteristic frequencies of the corrugation growth rate,which reflects the fixed frequency characteristic of corrugation.With the increase of train operation times,the wavelengths of corrugation corresponding to characteristic frequencies gradually form and develop;the wavelength range and development speed of corrugation gradually increase with the increase of train speed.

关 键 词：地铁 科隆蛋扣件 波磨 位移导纳 波磨增长率 

分 类 号：U270[机械工程—车辆工程] TH113.1[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]