经腹膜后入路构建大鼠肾下腹主动脉瘤模型  

Establishment of a rat model of infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm via retroperitoneal approach

作　　者：朱君星 唐全巧 冯松 石星驰 易思怡 周灿 杨颖 ZHU Junxing;TANG Quanqiao;FENG Song;SHI Xingchi;YI Siyi;ZHOU Can;YANG Ying(Department of Clinical Medicine,North Sichuan Medical College,Nanchong,Sichuan Province,637000,China;Department of Cardiovascular Diseases,Affiliated Hospital,North Sichuan Medical College,Nanchong,Sichuan Province,637000,China;Department of Tissue and Embryology,Basic Medical College,North Sichuan Medical College,Nanchong,Sichuan Province,637000,China)

机构地区：[1]川北医学院临床医学系,四川南充637000 [2]川北医学院附属医院心血管疾病研究室,四川南充637000 [3]川北医学院基础医学院组织胚胎教研室,四川南充637000

出　　处：《第三军医大学学报》2021年第16期1559-1565,共7页Journal of Third Military Medical University

基　　金：四川省科技计划项目(2016JY0172);四川省卫计委科研项目(16PJ121)。

摘　　要：目的经腹膜后入路构建简便稳定的大鼠肾下腹主动脉瘤模型。方法健康成年SD大鼠20只,按雌雄比例1∶1,随机分为模型组和对照组,每组10只。两组均采用经腹膜后入路游离肾下腹主动脉段,模型组以腔内灌注弹性蛋白酶0.1 mL(约含5 U)20 min,腔外氯化钙(1.0 mol/L)浸润10 min处理。对照组以生理盐水替代弹性蛋白酶和氯化钙。建模术后饲养4周开腹收集腹主动脉标本,采用游标卡尺测量术中、术后腹主动脉直径,以术后4周腹主动脉直径扩张50%以上或动脉瘤破裂作为诊断腹主动脉瘤标准。采用HE、EVG、Masson染色和免疫组织化学(immunohistochemical,IHC)观察两组大鼠腹主动脉病理组织学变化。结果两组大鼠手术成功率均为100%,对照组存活率100%,无1例成瘤;模型组大鼠存活率80%,成瘤率80%。两组成瘤率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术前两组腹主动脉直径差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后4周模型组腹主动脉直径明显大于对照组,扩张率明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。模型组腹主动脉呈梭形或囊状扩张,灌注段腹主动脉周围黏连明显,局部可见钙化灶。HE染色显示,模型组血管壁厚度明显小于对照组(P<0.05)。EVG染色显示,模型组血管弹性纤维含量明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。Masson染色显示,模型组血管胶原纤维含量明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。平滑肌细胞IHC染色显示,模型组平滑肌细胞含量明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论经腹膜后入路联合腔内弹性蛋白酶灌注和腔外氯化钙浸润法可简单有效地构建稳定、可重复性、拟人性强的大鼠肾下腹主动脉瘤模型。Objective To establish a simple and stable model of infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm in rats by retroperitoneal approach.Methods Twenty healthy adult SD rats were randomly divided into model and control group depending on a ratio of male to female at 1∶1,with 10 rats in each group.The infrarenal abdominal aorta was freed via the retroperitoneal approach in both groups.Then,in the model group,0.1 mL elastase(about 5 U)was infused into the cavity for 20 min and 1.0 mol/L calcium chloride was infiltrated outside the cavity for 10 min.However,normal saline was used instead of elastase and calcium chloride in the control group.Abdominal aortic specimens were collected by laparotomy in 4 weeks after surgery.The diameter of the abdominal aorta was measured with vernier caliper during and after operation.The abdominal aortic diameter dilated by more than 50%or the aneurysm ruptured 4 weeks after operation is the diagnostic standard for abdominal aortic aneurysm.HE,EVG,Masson and immunohistochemical(IHC)staining were performed to observe the pathohistological changes of abdominal aorta in both groups.Results The surgical success rate was 100%,survival rate was 100%,and tumor formation rate was 0%in the rats of the control group,while the rates were 100%,80%,and 80%respectively in the model group.Significant difference was seen in the rate of tumor formation between the 2 groups(P<0.05).There was no statistical difference in the diameter of abdominal aorta between the 2 groups before operation(P>0.05),and in 4 weeks after operation,the diameter was obviously larger and the expansion rate was higher in the model group than in the control group(P<0.05).In the model group,the abdominal aorta was spindle-shaped or cystic dilatation,obvious adhesion was observed around the abdominal aorta in the perfusion segment,and local calcification was seen.HE staining showed that the thickness of the vessel wall was significantly thinner in the model group than in the control group(P<0.05).EVG staining displayed that the content of

关 键 词：腹主动脉瘤 动物模型 经腹膜后入路 弹性蛋白酶 氯化钙 

分 类 号：R-332[医药卫生] R543.16