近代官话见系开口二等-i-介音现象补论  

Rediscussion on the Medial-i-of Dorsal Division-Ⅱof Early Mandarin

作　　者：曾晓渝[1] ZENG Xiao-yu

机构地区：[1]南开大学文学院,天津300071

出　　处：《古汉语研究》2021年第3期18-28,126,共12页Research in Ancient Chinese Language

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“汉语官话方言连字调格局研究”(20AYY020)。

摘　　要：论文在分析前人不同观点基础上,论证了中古晚期二等韵独立的条件是介音,元代汉语见系开口二等的-i-介音不是增生,而是中古二等介音-щ-的延续演变。作者指出,二等介音-щ-自中古至近代呈雅俗两种演变方向:在通用雅音里,先在合口韵中脱落,开口韵中的消变序列是舌齿音>唇音>喉牙音,因元音-щ-与辅音k k?x共有语音特征[+高]利于协同发音,故二等介音保留并演变为-i-;而在方言俗音里则大多脱落-щ-,故今非官话方言见开二多读洪音。On the basis of analyzing the different viewpoints of predecessors, this paper demonstrates that the medial is independent condition of division-Ⅱ in later Middle Chinese, it is not hyperplasia about medial-i-of dorsal division-Ⅱ in Yuan Dynasty but Continuation of-щ-. There are two directions of evolution about medial of division-Ⅱ from Middle Chinese to Early Mandarin. In Early Mandarin which is gentility spoken pronunciation, medial-щ-first disappears at closed mouth, the order of disappearing and evolution is coronal > labial > dorsal at open mouth in MC;Since-щ-shared with k k? x feature [+high] that is good for coarticulation, so dorsal division-Ⅱ-щ-was retained and evolved into-i-. However,medial-щ-fall off in most vulgar dialects.

关 键 词：近代官话 二等介音 见系声母 雅音演变 

分 类 号：H114[语言文字—汉语]