复仇主题的变奏:《复仇的话》与《铸剑》比较研究  

Variation with Revenge as the Theme:A Comparative Analysis of A Proscription on Revenge and Forging the Swords

作　　者：蔡鸣雁 CAI Mingyan(Collge of Liberal Art,Shandong Normal Uniersisy,Jinan,Shandong 250014)

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学文学院,山东济南250014

出　　处：《中国文学研究》2021年第3期136-143,共8页Research of Chinese Literature

摘　　要：鲁迅对菊池宽作品的选择性译介以及对复仇题材的关注使《铸剑》与《复仇的话》跨越时空发生联系。二者共同选择了"为父复仇"这一人性被挤压到善恶边缘、游走于正统伦理与民俗文化之间、既属于公共伦理视域又占据私属伦理空间的古老叙事命题,来透析人在现代家国中的生存际遇,并借此反向思考家国民族的生存与发展。虽然两个文本对复仇意象做了不同的呈现,却采取了近似的文学理路,通过家国视域下复仇命题的变构思考个与群、私与公如何调和并实现现代道德伦理的重构。《铸剑》或可看作《复仇的话》中"为父复仇"命题的中国式呈现,文本中对人性的探讨既是指向传统伦理中不合理因素的绝佳选择,也是现代伦理重构不可或缺的范本。The works of Kan Kikuchi were translated and introduced to Chinese readers by Lu Xun,which led to the subject of revenge being widely concerned at the time. In this case,Forging the Swords and A Proscription on Revenge are closely connected across time and space. Both of these two literary works choose the ancient narrative theme of"revenge for the father"to analyze the protagonist’s survival experience in the family and the country,reflecting on the survival and development of the country,nation and family based on this. In this particular narrative scene,human nature is squeezed to the edge of good and evil and wanders between orthodox ethics and folk culture,and the selected theme is not only in a public ethical vision but also related to a private ethical space. Although the two literary works present the theme of revenge differently,they adopt a similar literary approach,that is,exploring the balance between individual and group,private and public,and the reconstruction of modern ethics through the setting of the revenge proposition from the perspective of family and country. As a Chinese-style presentation of the theme of "revenge for the father" in A Proscription on Revenge,discussion of human nature in Forging the Swords not only criticizes the unreasonable factors in traditional ethics in a reasonable way but also provides an indispensable model for the reconstruction of modern ethics.

关 键 词：为父复仇 人间性 自我认同 主题变构 

分 类 号：I210[文学—中国文学]