黔东南州近40 a夏季降水时空分布及异常年环流特征分析  

Analysis on Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Summer Precipitation and Anomalous Annual Circulation Characteristics in Near 40 a in Qiandongnan Prefecture

作　　者：潘影 邓世有 王珏 PAN Ying;DENG Shiyou;WANG Jue(Sansui County Meteorological Bureau of Guizhou Province,Sansui 556500,China;Anshun Meteorological Bureau of Guizhou Province,Anshun 561000,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省三穗县气象局,贵州三穗556500 [2]贵州省安顺市气象局,贵州安顺561000

出　　处：《中低纬山地气象》2021年第4期50-55,共6页Mid-low Latitude Mountain Meteorology

摘　　要：利用1981—2020年6—8月近40 a黔东南州16个国家站的月降水量资料和国家气候中心新130项监测指数,采用M-K检验、小波分析等方法,对黔东南州夏季降水时空变化和同期异常年(偏多、偏少)的环流特征指数进行分析。结果表明:近40 a,黔东南州夏季降水量呈现2个波峰、2个波谷的分布特征,2个波峰的相对丰水期为1991—2001年和2014—2020年,2个波谷的相对枯水期为1981—1990年和2002—2013年。降水时间尺度具有11~25 a周期变化,并在20世纪90年代发生了显著变化。降水空间分布主要呈现南北反相和东西反相两种类型。西太平洋副热带高压位置偏南偏西,强度偏强,一定程度上造成了黔东南州夏季降水异常偏多;反之,西太平洋副热带高压位置偏北偏东、强度偏弱,一定程度上造成了黔东南州夏季降水异常偏少。The monthly rainfall data of 16 national stations in Qiandongnan prefecture from June to August from 1981 to 2020 and the new 130 monitoring indexes of the National Climate Center were used to analyze the temporal and spatial variation of summer precipitation in Qiandongnan prefecture and the circulation characteristic indexes of the corresponding abnormal years(more or less)by means of MK test and wavelet analysis.The results show that:In recent 40 years,the summer rainfall in Qiandongnan Prefecture presented two peaks and two troughs.The relative wet periods of the two peaks were 1991—2001 and 2014—2020,and the relative dry periods of the two troughs were 1981—1990 and 2002—2013.The precipitation time scale has a periodic change of 11~25 a and changed significantly around 1990s.The spatial distribution of precipitation mainly presents two types:north-South antiphase and East-West antiphase.The subtropical high in the western Pacific shifted southward to the west,and its intensity was strong,which resulted in more abnormal summer precipitation in Qiandongnan Prefecture to some extent.On the contrary,the location of the western Pacific subtropical high is northerly and easterly,and its intensity is weak,which leads to the low summer precipitation in Qiandongnan prefecture to some extent.

关 键 词：夏季降水量 突变 周期 指数 副高 黔东南 

分 类 号：P468.024[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]