一起高校诺如病毒感染引起的暴发疫情调查  

Investigate on outbreak of epidemic caused by Norovirus in college

作　　者：韦罗娜 张义[3] 曹磊[3] 陈飒[3] 宁少奇 陈彦炜[4] 张佩[4] WEI Luo-na;ZHANG Yi;CAO Lei;CHEN Sa;NING Shao-qi;CHEN Yan-wei;ZHANG Pei(Field Epidemiology Project of Shaanxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention,XV an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省疾病预防控制中心现场流行病学项目,西安710054 [2]澄城县疾病预防控制中心 [3]陕西省疾病预防控制中心 [4]商洛市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2021年第8期781-784,共4页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：陕西省现场流行病学培训项目(SXFETP)(第五期)(陕疾控办发[2018]239号)。

摘　　要：目的了解陕西省某大学一起诺如病毒感染暴发疫情的流行特征,分析疫情原因,为学校诺如病毒感染疫情防控提供科学依据。方法采用现场流行病学调查及实验室检测方法对病例进行调查。运用描述性统计分析、病例对照研究方法对疫情数据及相关因素进行分析。结果本次疫情9 d内累计发现病例133例,临床症状以腹泻(84.96%)、恶心(70.68%)、腹痛(59.40%)为主,无重症、死亡病例。病例均为学生(罹患率0.73%),散在分布于16栋宿舍,发病年龄17~24岁,各年级均有发病;男生罹患率0.87%,女生罹患率0.48%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=8.83,P<0.05)。病例对照结果表明,去M村就餐(OR=6.53,95%CI:1.98~21.55)、同宿舍有病例(OR=3.47,95%CI:1.11~10.82)是危险因素。实验室检出病例标本阳性12份(12/15),环境标本阳性1份(1/14)。结论此事件为一起诺如病毒GⅡ型引起的感染性腹泻暴发疫情,病例集中出现的主要原因是去M村就餐,中后期不排除接触传播。应加强学生教职工健康教育,监督执法部门加强对餐饮行业的管理。Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of Norovirus outbreak in a university of Shaanxi Province,analyze the causes of the outbreak,and provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of Norovirus infection in schools.Methods On-site epidemiological investigation and laboratory testing methods were used to investigate the cases.The descriptive statistical analysis and case-control research methods were applied to analyze the epidemic data and related factors.Results A total of 133 patients were found within 9 days of the epidemic,clinical symptoms were dominated with diarrhea(84.96%),nausea(70.68%)and abdominal pain(59.40%).There were no serious cases or deaths.All cases were students(morbidity 0.73%),scattered in 16 dormitory rooms,the age of onset was 17-24 years old,and the disease occurred in all grades;the morbidity of boys and girls was 0.87%and 0.48%respectively,the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=8.83,P<0.05).The results of case control showed that dining in M Village(OR=6.53,95%CI:1.98-21.55)and suffering from Norovirus in the same dormitory(OR=3.47,95%CI:1.11-10.82)were risk factors.Twelve cases(12/15)were found to be positive in the laboratory testing,and 1(1/14)positive environmental specimen was found.Conclusion This incident is an outbreak of infectious diarrhea caused by Norovirus type GⅡ.The main reason for the concentration of cases is to visit M Village for dinning,and no contact transmission is ruled out in the middle and late stages.Health education on students,faculties and staff should be strengthened,and law enforcement departments should be supervised to strengthen the control on the catering industry.

关 键 词：诺如病毒 暴发 高校 传染病 流行特征 

分 类 号：R512.5[医药卫生—内科学]