我国中药发明专利质量提升路径——基于专利委托代理视角的实证研究  

The Path to Improve the Quality of Traditional Chinese Medicine Invention Patents: An Empirical Study Based on the Perspective of Patent Agency

作　　者：朱雪忠 李艳[1] ZHU Xuezhong;LI Yan(School of Economics and Management,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;Shanghai International College of Intellectual Property,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学经济与管理学院,上海200092 [2]同济大学上海国际知识产权学院,上海200092

出　　处：《科学学与科学技术管理》2021年第7期87-105,共19页Science of Science and Management of S.& T.

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(19ZDA102)。

摘　　要：将中药专利保护落到实处,是加强中药新药创新能力建设、为健康中国做贡献的重要举措。近年来我国中药发明专利数量与质量不协调的问题,引发了普遍担忧。聚焦于专利委托代理环节,首次将专利代理师"姓名"信息与其"专业"信息链接,实证分析了中医药专业背景的专利代理师队伍培养现状及其对中药发明专利质量的影响。结果发现,由于中医药具有自己独特的理论系统,委托中医药及相近专业背景的专利代理师,能够显著提高中药发明专利质量。但是,50%以上的国内申请人的中药发明专利,是由专业背景为机械、电子、半导体等与中医药专业相距较远的专利代理师所代理。中医药专业背景的专利代理师依然极度匮乏,严重制约我国中药发明专利质量提升。建议国家从供给侧改革,进一步有组织、有规划地落实中医药专业背景专利代理师的培养,并制定相关政策鼓励和吸引中医药专业背景者从事专利代理工作。Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) is a treasure of China’s traditional culture. Jinhua Qinggan Granule,Lianhua Qingwen Capsule/Granule, Xuebijing Injection, Lung Cleansing and Dextoxifying Decoction, Hua Shi Bai Du Formula and Xuan Fei Bai Du Granule have played an important role in China’s victory over COVID-19 in 2020. Patent protection is a useful tool to strengthen the capacity building of TCM innovation and make contribute to a healthy China.Patent quality is of vital importance to ensure that the patent system can achieve the goal of stimulating innovation. Patent agency is a crucial part of the patent system, and it is a bridge and link between inventors and examiners. TCM originated from the traditional field of China and has a completely different theoretical system of treatment from western medicine.Whether a patent agent has the professional background of TCM basic theory is the key to correctly understand the technical scheme of TCM invention and creation and to effectively communicate with the inventors and examiners. How about the quality of TCM invention patents in China? What is the professional background of the entrusted patent agent? How does the professional background of patent agents affect the quality of TCM invention patents?In this paper, we construct a sample of nearly 280,000 TCM invention patent applications published by China National Intellectual Property Administration(CNIPA) between 1985 and 2020. For 45,482 granted invention patents that have entrusted a patent agency, we randomly select 14,321 as subsample, via the patent application year, with a proportion of about one-third. We measure the quality of TCM invention patents in subsample from the dimensions of legal quality,economic quality, and comprehensive quality, and we link the name of patent agents with the professional background information published by CNIPA to empirically analyze the relationship between the professional background of patent agents and patent quality.There are four key empirical findings: First, the

关 键 词：中医药 专利质量 专利委托代理 专利代理师 

分 类 号：F272.2[经济管理—企业管理]