北京市某区餐饮行业336名妇女生殖道感染及月经状况调查分析  

An Investigation of reproductive tract infection and menstruation status of 336 women in restaurant industry in a district of Beijing

作　　者：任迎娣[1] 关坤[1] 方丽艳[1] 于久愿[1] REN Ying-di;GUAN Kun;FANG Li-yan;YU Jiu-yuan(Haidian District Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市海淀区疾病预防控制中心,100094

出　　处：《首都公共卫生》2021年第3期129-132,共4页Capital Journal of Public Health

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(编号:18BRK038)。

摘　　要：目的了解北京市某区餐饮行业女工的生殖道感染及月经状况,为保护女职工的生殖健康提供参考依据。方法采用横断面调查方法,对北京市某区336名餐饮行业女工的生殖道感染及月经状况进行调查。结果336名女工年龄主要分布在20~49岁,已婚占73.2%,初中及以下女职工居多,占42.6%,工龄主要分布在1~5年,占61.9%;患有生殖道感染者22人,感染率为6.5%,其中占前三位的是阴道炎(33.3%)、白带异常(23.4%)及子宫附件炎(13.3%);月经异常人数为66人,异常率为19.6%,其中以月经周期紊乱居多(29.5%),其次为痛经(20.0%);是否经常加班和是否工作负荷大的餐饮行业女工生殖道感染率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),不同年龄、学历、婚姻状况,是否长时间站立、是否经常加班和是否工作负荷大的女工月经异常患病率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论北京市某区餐饮行业女工生殖道感染及月经状况不容忽视,经常加班、工作负荷大和长时间站立等对女工生殖健康存在不同程度的影响,应改善工作模式,加强对女工生殖健康的宣传教育,切实保护女职工健康。Objective To investigate the reproductive tract infection and menstruation status of female workers engaged in restaurant industry in a district of Beijing,and to provide a reference basis for protecting the reproductive health of female workers.Method From June to August of 2020,a cross-sectional survey was performed to investigate the reproductive tract infection and menstruation status of 336 restaurant industry women in a district of Beijing.Results The age of the 336 female workers was mainly 20-49 years old,73.2%were married.The majority of female workers were junior middle school or below,accounting for 42.9%;the length of service was mainly 1-5 years,accounting for 61.9%.There were 22 people suffering from reproductive tract infection,with an infection rate of 6.5%,of which the top three were colpitis(33.3%),leucorrhea(23.4%)and adnexitis(13.3%).There were 66 people suffering from abnormal menstruation,with an prevalence rate of 19.6%,of which menstrual disorders were the most common,accounting for 29.5%,followed by dysmenorrhea,accounting for 20.0%.Frequent overtime work and heavy workload had a statistically significant effect on the rate of reproductive tract infection(P<0.05)and age,education,marital status,long standing time,frequent overtime work and heavy workload were significantly associated with abnormal menstruation(P<0.05).Conclusions The reproductive tract infection and menstruation status of female workers in restaurant industry in a district of Beijing should not be ignored.Frequent overtime work,heavy workload,standing for a long time and so on have certain influence on the reproductive health of female workers.Work patterns should be improved,the propaganda and education of female workers’reproductive health should be strengthened to effectively protect female workers’health.

关 键 词：餐饮行业 生殖道感染 月经 女性职工 

分 类 号：R173[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] R131[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]