基于流固耦合的平板闸门动水关闭过程数值模拟  

Numerical simulation of plane gate closing under running water based on fluid-structure interaction

作　　者：戴冰清 茅泽育[1] DAI Bingqing;MAO Zeyu(Department of Hydraulic Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学水利水电工程系,北京100084

出　　处：《人民长江》2021年第8期214-221,共8页Yangtze River

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0402504)。

摘　　要：闸门动水关闭是一个复杂的物理过程,在此过程中的水动力特性及闸门本身结构特性易受到多种因素的综合影响。针对平板闸门动态关闭过程,采用动网格技术、RNG k-ε紊流模型及VOF自由水面处理技术三者相结合的方法建立了三维非定常水气两相流模型,在此基础上,进一步结合流固耦合方法针对不同因素综合影响下闸门的形变、等效应力的变化规律进行数值模拟研究,综合探究来流流量、闸门底缘型式、闸门关闭速度等因素对平板闸门闭门过程的水动力特性及闸门结构特性的影响。研究结果表明:闸门最大形变出现在底缘处,最大等效应力出现在门顶处;合理减小闸门关闭速度及上游来流流量、采用底缘前倾角较大的闸门等措施,有利于改善闸孔出流条件,减小闸门门体所受负压的区域,并减小闸门形变及等效应力。研究成果可为闸门的优化设计及确定合理运行工况提供科学依据。The gate closing under running water is a complex physical process.In this process,the hydrodynamic characteristics and the structural characteristics of the gate itself are affected by many factors.Aiming at the dynamic closing process of the plane gate,a 3D unsteady water-gas two-phase flow model was established by combining dynamic mesh technology,turbulence k-εmodel and VOF free surface treatment technology.On this basis,combined with the method of fluid-structure interaction,the variation law of gate deformation and equivalent stress under the influence of different factors was numerically simulated,and the influence of inflow flow,gate bottom edge type,gate closing speed and other factors on the hydrodynamic characteristics and gate structure characteristics of plane gate closing process were comprehensively explored.The results showed that the maximum deformation of the gate occurred at the bottom edge,and the maximum equivalent stress occurred at the top of the gate.Reasonable reduction of gate closing speed and upstream inflow flow,and the gates with large bottom rake angle were conducive to improving the outflow conditions downstream,reducing the negative pressure area of gate body,and reducing the gate deformation and equivalent stress.The above research results can provide a scientific basis for the optimal design of the gate and the determination of reasonable operating conditions.

关 键 词：平板闸门 水动力特性 结构特性 数值模拟 流固耦合 动网格 

分 类 号：TV135.4[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]