银西高速铁路荒漠化地区微渗滴灌风沙平面防护研究  

Study on Microseepage Drip Irrigation Prevention of WindblownSand in Desertification Area along Yinchuan-Xi anHigh-speed Railway

作　　者：江涛[1] 张宗堂[1] 贾磊 时国伟 JIANG Tao;ZHANG Zongtang;JIA Lei;SHI Guowei(China Railway First Survey and Design Institute Group Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an 710043,China;China Railway No.3 Engineering Group Co.,Ltd.,Taiyuan 030001,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司,西安710043 [2]中铁三局集团有限公司,太原030001

出　　处：《高速铁路技术》2021年第4期77-81,共5页High Speed Railway Technology

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(2019BFG02013);中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司科技研究开发计划课题(院科(院外)20-70)。

摘　　要：银西高速铁路甜水堡至白土岗段经过荒漠化地区,表层多有片状风积沙分布,系毛乌素沙漠南侵部分,其生态系统处于一种脆弱的平衡状态,为有效控制沙害对银西高速铁路高速铁路影响,亟需研究一套技术可行、投资可控的风沙平面防护体系。本文通过建设铁路周边荒漠化区域微渗滴灌风沙平面防护试验段,采用树枝方格结合灌木和沙障等固沙、阻沙措施,开展建植植物的微渗滴灌养管措施的试验研究。研究表明:(1)高立式沙障、树枝方格、适生性灌木以及微渗滴灌系统组成的风沙防治体系是符合工程需要和当地实际的,对银西高速铁路高速铁路穿越风沙段落起到了有效的屏障作用;(2)微渗滴灌总用水量和养护人工都有着较大幅度的节省,具有明显的优势,其建设成本较传统滴灌技术也有节省,微渗滴灌区域植被覆盖度有显著提高;(3)在大面积的干旱、半干旱区域,同时水源离施工区域相对较远的地区,微渗滴灌技术能发挥较大的工程应用优势。本文研究结论可为荒漠化地区铁路路基沙害治理积累有益经验,具有较大的推广应用价值。Tianshuibu-Baitugang section of Yinchuan-Xi'an High-speed Railway passes a desertification area,where the ground surface is mostly distributed with flaky aeolian sand,which is a part of Mu Us Desert invading south.Its ecosystem is in a fragile balance state.In order to effectively control the impact of sand damage on Yinchuan-Xi'an High-speed Railway,is technically feasible and investment-controllable prevention system of windblown sand is in urgent need.As the study base for this paper,the test sections were constructed to prevent windblown sand in desertification areas along the railway with a microseepage drip irrigation system together with dune-fixing and sand barrier measures such as branch fence,brush,and sand-protecting barrier.The results show that:(1)The sand control system composed of high vertical sand barriers,branch fences,suitable shrubs,and microseepage drip irrigation system is in line with the needs of the project and the local reality,and has served as an effective barrier for the Yinchuan-Xi'an High-speed Railway to cross the sand section.(2)The total water consumption and maintenance labor of micro-seepage drip irrigation is greatly saved,which has obvious advantages.Compared with traditional drip irrigation technology,it has the advantages of lower construction cost,and significantly greater vegetation coverage of micro-seepage drip irrigation area.(3)In large arid and semi-arid areas,where the water source is relatively far away from the construction area,micro-seepage drip irrigation technology can play a great advantage in application.The above conclusions provide useful experience for controlling the sand damage to railway earthworks in desertification areas,and have great value of promotion and application.

关 键 词：高速铁路 微渗滴灌 试验研究 风沙平面防护 荒漠化地区 沙害特征 

分 类 号：U213.1[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]