基于驾驶人反应特性的车辆跟驰行为及模型  

Car-following behavior and model based on driver response characteristics

作　　者：洪家乐 曲大义 贾彦峰 王韬 黑凯先 HONG Jiale;QU Dayi;JIA Yanfeng;WANG Tao;HEI Kaixian(School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,Qingdao University of Technology,Qingdao 266525,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛理工大学机械与汽车工程学院,青岛266525

出　　处：《青岛理工大学学报》2021年第4期108-114,142,共8页Journal of Qingdao University of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51678320)。

摘　　要：跟驰驾驶中驾驶员的反应强度对跟车安全有着重要影响。根据车辆跟驰理论,介绍了驾驶员对不同车距的反应特性,建立了2种基于驾驶人对车间距反应影响的车辆跟驰模型。利用MATLAB仿真分析了驾驶员反应强度对汽车跟驰行驶安全性的影响,并对跟驰车辆间的相互影响进行微观与宏观层面的交通流稳定性分析,从微观角度可以发现车辆跟驰的速度与车间距随时间的变化关系,从宏观角度可以观察到交通波的形成。结果表明,当反应强度达到0.60时,微观上车辆在跟驰中容易发生追尾危险,宏观上交通震荡加剧,交通流开始失稳。In car-following driving,driver's reaction intensity has an important influence on car-following safety.According to the car-following theory,this paper introduces the driver's characteristics of response to different vehicle distances,and establishes two car-following models based on the influence of driver's response to vehicle distances.The influence of driver's reaction intensity on car-following driving safety is analyzed by MATLAB simulation,and the interaction between car-following vehicles is analyzed on the micro and macro levels of traffic flow stability.From the micro perspective,the relationship between car-following speed and workshop distance that varies with time can be found,and the formation of traffic waves can be observed from the macro perspective.The results show that when the reaction intensity reaches 0.6,the vehicle on the micro level is prone to rear-end collision,and on the macro level,traffic turbulence intensifies,and the traffic flow begins to lose stability.

关 键 词：跟驰理论 驾驶行为 反应特性 数值仿真 交通流稳定性 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]