氮磷钾肥对白肋烟产量及肥料利用率的影响  

Effects of N,P and K Fertilizers on White Burley Tobacco Yield and Fertilizer Utilization Rate

作　　者：黄文昌 周永碧 吴成林 HUANG Wen-chang;ZHOU Yong-bi;WU Cheng-lin(Tobacco Research Institute of Hubei Province,Wuhan 430030,PRC)

机构地区：[1]湖北省烟草科学研究院,湖北武汉430030

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2021年第8期39-42,共4页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国烟草总公司湖北省公司科技项目(027Y2019-005)。

摘　　要：为探究氮、磷、钾肥对白肋烟产量及肥料利用率的影响,明确氮、磷、钾肥的肥力贡献率,以白肋烟品种鄂烟1号为材料,设置5个处理(T1:施氮磷钾;T2:不施氮磷钾;T3:施氮钾不施磷;T4:施氮磷不施钾;T5:施磷钾不施氮),比较各处理烟叶的农艺性状、产量和肥料利用率。结果表明:T1处理白肋烟产量较高,为2070.75 kg/hm^(2),分别较T2、T3、T4和T5处理增产108.25%、2.39%、9.05%和128.45%;不施氮对烟叶产量、单叶重、最大叶面积及叶绿素含量有显著影响;氮对白肋烟产量的肥料贡献率最高为56.23%,地力贡献率最低为43.77%,农学利用率最高为4.85 kg/kg;磷对白肋烟产量的肥料贡献率最低为2.33%,地力贡献率最高为97.67%,农学利用率最低为0.20 kg/kg;钾的肥料贡献率、地力贡献率和农学利用率分别为8.30%、91.70%和0.36 kg/kg;氮磷钾全量的肥料贡献率、地力贡献率和农学利用率分别为51.98%、48.02%和1.12 kg/kg。因此,在土壤养分含量较充足时,氮肥按标准施用,磷肥应少量施用,钾肥可适当减少施用。In order to explore the effects of N,P and K fertilizers on the yield and fertilizer utilization rate of White Burley tobacco and to clarify the fertility contribution rate of N,P and K fertilizers,5 treatments(T1:N+P+2K;T2:blank;T3:N+2K;T4:N+P;T5:P+2K)were set with White Burley tobacco variety Eyan No.1 as test material.The agronomic characters,yields and fertilizer utilization rates of tobacco leaves in 5 treatments were compared.The results showed that the yield in T1 treatment was 2070.75 kg/hm^(2),108.25%,2.39%,9.05%and 128.45%higher than that in T2,T3,T4 and T5 treatments,respectively.No nitrogen application had significant effects on tobacco yield,single leaf weight,maximum leaf area and chlorophyll content.The N fertilizer contribution rate to tobacco yield was the highest at 56.23%,the soil N fertility contribution rate was the lowest at 43.77%,and the agronomic efficiency of N fertilizer was the highest at 4.85 kg/kg.The P fertilizer contribution rate to tobacco yield was the lowest at 2.33%,the soil P fertility contribution rate was the highest at 97.67%,and the agronomic efficiency of P fertilizer was the lowest at 0.20 kg/kg.The K fertilizer contribution rate,soil K fertility contribution rate and agronomic efficiency of K fertilizer were 8.30%,91.70%and 0.36 kg/kg,respectively.The fertilizer contribution rate,soil fertility contribution rate and agronomic efficiency of the total N P K were 51.98%,48.02%and 1.12 kg/kg,respectively.Therefore,when the soil nutrient contents are sufficient,N fertilizer should be applied according to the standard,P fertilizer should be applied in a small amount,and K fertilizer can be reduced appropriately.

关 键 词：氮 磷 钾 白肋烟 产量 肥料利用率 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]