19世纪以来潮州方言的中性问句--兼论句末词“咩”的来源  

The Change of Neutral Questions in Chaozhou Dialect since the 19th Century and the Origin of the Final Particle“me”

作　　者：黄燕旋[1] HUANG Yanxuan

机构地区：[1]中山大学中文系,广州510275

出　　处：《语言学论丛》2021年第1期136-153,共18页Essays on Linguistics

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“海外珍藏汉语文献与南方明清汉语研究”(项目号:12&ZD178);教育部人文社会科学研究青年项目“19世纪罗马字文献与潮州方言语法演变研究”(项目编号:18YJC740028)的资助。

摘　　要：在19世纪潮州方言文献中,中性问句的类型多样,而且存在一个尚未发展成熟的句末词“咩(me)”,而在当代潮州方言中,中性问句的类型趋于简化,而且不再使用“咩”。本文在全面考察历史文献和当代潮汕方言®的中性问句之后对“咩”的来源进行探索,认为潮汕方言的“咩”是句末否定词归并的结果。In the Chaozhou dialect represented in 19^(th)century literature there were many patterns of neutral questions,one of which was formed by an immature final particle“me”.In contrast,the patterns of neutral questions in contemporary Chaozhou dialect are on the way of simplification,and“me”is no longer employed.Via a comprehensive study of historical literature and contemporary Chaoshan dialects,this article explores the origin of“me”,arguing that it resulted from the merger of the various sentence-final negators in VP-Neg construction,hence a natural evolution within Chaoshan dialects rather than a contact influence from Cantonese.

关 键 词：中性问句 VP-Prt-Neg VP-NEG VP-咩 否定副词 句末词 

分 类 号：H17[语言文字—汉语]