腭裂患儿中耳功能状况的长期随访研究  

Analysis of middle ear function of the patients with cleft palate after palatoplasty

作　　者：王小亚 冯爽 黎凡 钟芷晴 陈彦球 彭峤琛 罗仁忠 Wang Xiaoya;Feng Shuang;Li Fan;Zhong Zhiqing;Chen Yanqiu;Peng Qiaochen;Luo Renzhong(Department of Otorhinolaryngology,Guangzhou Women and Children′s Medical Center,Guangzhou 510623,China;Department of Stomatology,Guangzhou Women and Children′s Medical Center,Guangzhou 510623,China;Department of Hearing and Speech Science,Xinhua College,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510520,China)

机构地区：[1]广州市妇女儿童医疗中心耳鼻咽喉科,510623 [2]广州市妇女儿童医疗中心口腔科,510623 [3]中山大学新华学院听力与言语科学系,广州510520

出　　处：《中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志》2021年第6期586-589,共4页Chinese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery

摘　　要：目的探讨腭裂患儿的中耳功能状态与病程以及腭裂分型的关系。方法回顾性分析76例腭裂患儿的诊疗经过,其中男44例、女32例,接受腭裂手术时年龄为6~23个月。记录其新生儿听力筛查,腭裂修补术前、术后3个月、1~2年、2~4年及5年的病史以及电耳镜检查、声导抗、听觉诱发电位测试等临床资料,分析患儿中耳功能状态的变化。采用SPSS 13.0软件进行统计学分析。结果从腭裂病程看,除外新生儿听力筛查结果,随着年龄的增长,中耳功能异常的比例逐渐较少(χ^(²)=12.130,P<0.05);从腭裂分型看,软腭裂、不完全腭裂、完全腭裂发生中耳功能异常的比例存在差异(χ^(²)=8.316,P=0.016);从手术月龄来看,中耳功能是否正常与手术时月龄无关(P>0.05);从耳科处理及结局看,虽然腭裂患儿中耳功能异常的比例较高,但适时接受鼓膜置管手术者仍占比很小。结论腭裂患儿中耳功能长期存在异常,且与腭裂程度、病程相关,需要建立完善的长期随访与多学科干预机制。Objective To investigate the middle ear function of the patients with cleft palate pre and post palatoplasty.Methods 76 patients with cleft palate were investigated by clinical history and audiology examinations including electric otoscopy,tympanometry and click-ABR threshold.Results The risk for middle ear function decreased with advancing age in the first 5 years.It was noticed that the otologic outcomes was related to the CP type.During long time follow-up,the frequency with the middle ear function disorder was always high within the CP patients but the proportion of the patients received tympanostomy tubes was low relatively.The prevalence of middle ear dysfunction did not differ with the time of cleft palate repair.Conclusion The patients with cleft palate have middle ear function dysfunction in a long period of time,therefore a standard long-time follow-up system is necessary.

关 键 词：腭裂 中耳 听力 中耳炎 伴渗出液 随访研究 

分 类 号：R782.2[医药卫生—口腔医学] R764.2[医药卫生—临床医学]