元语言理论视界下《说文解字》蕴含上古鼎文化抉隐  

Ding Culture in Shuowen-Jiezi from the Perspective of Metalanguage Theory

作　　者：黄交军 李国英 Huang Jiaojun;Li Guoying(School of Culture&Media,Guiyang University,Guiyang Guizhou,550005;Qingyan Guihuang Midschool in Guiyang,Guiyang Guizhou,550027)

机构地区：[1]贵阳学院文化传媒学院,贵州贵阳550005 [2]贵阳市青岩贵璜中学,贵州贵阳550027

出　　处：《地方文化研究》2021年第3期86-105,共20页Local Culture Research

基　　金：国家社科基金西部项目“西南地区少数民族媒体语言生活调查研究”(项目编号:18CYY020);贵州省哲学社会科学规划课题“语言类型学视阈下贵阳方言声调的实验研究”(项目编号:20GZZD42);贵州省教育厅高校人文社会科学研究项目“文化人类学视野下的身份困惑与民族秘史——话说贵州穿青族的前世今生”(项目编号:2016ZC011);贵阳学院院级项目立项资助课题“《说文解字》与中国先民生态文化研究”(项目编号:10976200903)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：鼎乃我国上古青铜时代的饮食炊具、标志器物、王权象征与文化符号,属古代中国特有文化现象及重要组成部分。文章以《说文解字》元典为原始文本,穷尽《说文解字》含鼎字词训诂元语言,从鼎实鼎味、鼎型鼎用、铸鼎定鼎三大维度集中剖阐中国先民的鼎文化意识;并认为其起源本相及嬗变轨迹为:鼎本乃烹饪食器,随着华夏民族礼乐文明日趋鼎盛,社会功能由食器量器逐渐拓展至祭器明器、法器刑器、味器香器、药器茶器等,最终跃升至礼器国器,凝固定型为早期中国器物文明、精神文明的杰出代表。汉字作为表意文字,是忠实载录中华文明的古化石、真史料、活语料,鼎族字词内涵浓缩着炎黄子孙追求统一、反对分裂的身份认同与家国情怀,成为泱泱中华多民族大一统、超稳定结构的精神素养、动力源泉及集体共识。要之,一部《说文解字》鼎文化旅程堪称中华先民铸鼎象物、功铭鼎铉、鼎兴鼎盛的民族秘史与文明礼赞,意义非凡。The Ding(鼎)is a cooking utensil,typical implement,imperial power symbol and cultural signal in the ancient Bronze Age in China.It is a unique cultural phenomenon and an important part of ancient China.Taking the classic of Shuowen-Jeizi as the original text,this paper exhausts the exegetical metalanguage of the Ding words contained in Shuowen-Jeizi,focusing on the Ding cultural consciousness of Chinese ancestors from the three dimensions of food and taste in the Ding,type and purpose of the Ding,casting and establishing of the Ding.Its origin and evolution track are as follows:the Ding is a cooking food utensil.With the increasing prosperity of Chinese national ritual and music civilization,its social function gradually expanded from food and measuring utensil to sacrifice utensils and burial apparatus,worship implements and punishment utensils,flavor container and incense vessel,medicine equipment and tea utensils,which finally jumped to ritual utensils and the major tool of the State,solidifying and shaping as an outstanding representative of early Chinese instrumental civilization and spiritual civilization.As ideographic characters,Chinese characters are ancient fossils,real historical materials and living corpus that faithfully record Chinese civilization.The connotation of the Ding family words condenses the self-identity and family and country feelings of the Chinese people in pursuit of unity and opposition to division,and has become the spiritual quality,power source and collective consensus of the great multi-ethnic unity and super stable structure of China.To sum up,the Ding cultural journey of Shuowen-Jeizi can be called the national secret history and civilization praise of the Chinese ancestors for casting images of various items on the Ding,engraving the virtues and achievements of our ancestors on the Ding,flourishing and invigorating,which is of great significance.

关 键 词：鼎 元语言 《说文解字》 鼎实鼎味 鼎型鼎用 铸鼎定鼎 

分 类 号：G122[文化科学]