黄河口尾闾河长的变化特点及计算方法  

Processes and calculation method of tail channel length in the Yellow River Estuary

作　　者：吴保生[1] 郑珊[2] 王开荣[3] 尚红霞[3] WU Bao-sheng;ZHENG Shan;WANG Kai-rong;SHANG Hong-xia(State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research,Zhengzhou 450003,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室,北京100084 [2]武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430072 [3]黄河水利科学研究院,河南郑州450003

出　　处：《泥沙研究》2021年第4期75-80,共6页Journal of Sediment Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51639005);国家重点研发计划课题(2017YFC0405202)。

摘　　要：黄河口尾闾河道的淤积延伸不仅对河口地区的河床演变具有重要影响,而且对黄河下游河道的长期冲淤发展趋势具有重要作用。根据黄河口1954-2018年实测尾闾河长与水沙资料分析了不同流路的淤积延伸特点,发现尾闾河长与累计来水量和累计来沙量之间均具有较好的相关性,但不同流路的变化速率差别较大。根据黄河下游河道的多来多排输沙关系,推导得到了基于累计来沙量的尾闾河长计算方法,该方法不仅具有一定的理论基础,且计算值与实测河长之间符合程度较好,决定系数达0.95,可为定量分析黄河口尾闾河道的淤积延伸等河口演变问题提供科学参考。There is an important impact on the morphological processes in the estuary area by sediment deposition and channel extension in the tail river of the Yellow River Estuary.According to the measurements of the tail channel length,water runoff and sediment load in the Yellow River Estuary from 1954-2018,the characteristics of the sediment deposition and extension of different flow paths are analyzed.It is found that the tail channel length is proportional to the accumulative amounts of water runoff and sediment load,but the change rates of different flow paths are quite different.According to the sediment transport relationship of"more input,more output"of the lower Yellow River,a calculation method for the tail channel length based on the accumulative amount of sediment load is derived.The calculated values of tail channel length agree well with the observations,with a determination coefficient of 0.96.The proposed method can be used for the quantitative analysis of the sediment deposition and channel extension of the tail river of the Yellow River Estuary.

关 键 词：黄河口 河口演变 尾闾河道 摆动改道 淤积延伸 

分 类 号：TV148.3[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]