复配杀菌剂防治平菇尖孢镰刀菌病害的效果测定  

The Evaluation of Fungicide Combinations Controlling Wilt Disease of Pleutorus ostreatus Caused by Fusarium oxysporum

作　　者：张朝辉[1,2] 张广 闫鹏 杜田雨 赵涔岑 李明辉 闫新悦 王振河 ZHANG Chaohui;ZHANG Guang;YAN Peng;DU Tianyu;ZHAO Cencen;LI Minghui;YAN Xinyue;WANG Zhenhe(College of Life Science and Technology,Henan Institute of Science and Technology,Xinxiang,Henan 453003;Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding,Xinxiang,Henan 453003)

机构地区：[1]河南科技学院生命科技学院,河南新乡453003 [2]现代生物育种河南省协同创新中心,河南新乡453003

出　　处：《核农学报》2021年第10期2311-2318,共8页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(31902090);河南省科技攻关项目(202102110019);河南省科技攻关项目(212102110430)。

摘　　要：为筛选应用于平菇栽培的高效低残留杀菌剂,本试验研究了复配杀菌剂(使百功+多菌灵、使百功+克霉灵、多菌灵+克霉灵)对尖孢镰刀菌与平菇菌丝生长的影响及其在平菇栽培中的应用效果。结果表明,3种复配杀菌剂抑制尖孢镰刀菌菌丝生长的EC50值分别为3.67、4.51和7.01 mg·L^(-1),均显著小于对应的单药杀菌剂;3种复配杀菌剂抑制平菇菌丝生长的EC50值分别为156.41、121.97和237.38 mg·L^(-1),是其抑制尖孢镰刀菌菌丝生长EC50值的27-43倍。在平菇栽培发酵料中使用0.1%-0.3%的复配杀菌剂使百功+克霉灵,菌丝生长速度加快,生物学效率升高;与未添加杀菌剂处理相比,污染率降低6.1-8.8个百分点;与使百功处理相比,平菇子实体中的农药残留量降低71.8%-76.6%。综上,复配杀菌剂能有效降低平菇子实体中的农药残留,其中使百功+克霉灵复配杀菌剂效果最好,是一种高效低残留的平菇枯萎病防治药剂。To screen high-efficient and low-residual fungicides for the cultivation of Pleutorus ostreatus, the influence of three fungicide combinations(Sporgon+Carbendazim, Sporgon+Mepartricin, Carbendazim+Mepartricin) on the fungal growth of Fusarium oxysporum and P. ostreatus, and their application effect in the cultivation of P. ostreatus were investigated. The results showed that the EC50 of the three fungicide combinations inhibiting fungal growth of F. oxysporum were 3.67、4.51 and 7.01 mg·L^(-1), lower than that of single fungicides. The EC50 of the three fungicide combinations inhibiting fungal growth of P. ostreatus were 156.41、121.97 and 237.38 mg·L^(-1), which are 27-43 folder than that of the EC50 of their inhibition on fungal growth of F. oxysporum. Addition of three fungicide combinations(0.1%-0.3%) above in the fermented compost of P. ostreatus, the effect of fungicide combination(Sporgon+Mepartricin) is better compared to other fungicide combinations, with the fungal growth faster, biological efficiency higher;the contamination rate decreased by 6.1-8.8 percentage points compared to that of the CK;the fungicide residue in the fruiting body of P. ostreatus decreased by 71.8%-76.6% compared to that of Sporgon treatment. To sum, the fungicide combinations could reduce the fungicide residue in the fruiting body of P. ostreatus, and the fungicide combination(Sporgon+Mepartricin) is effective and low residual agent for the control of the wilt disease in the cultivation of P. ostreatus.

关 键 词：尖孢镰刀菌 复配杀菌剂 枯萎病 平菇 农药残留 

分 类 号：S436.461[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]