秦王川土壤酸碱度及盐离子对不同植物的响应  

Soil Acidic basic Property and Salt Ion Response to Different Plants in Qinwangchuan Wetland

作　　者：段凯祥 赵保卫[1] 张松林[2] 赵成章[2] DUAN Kai-xiang;ZHAO Bao-wei;ZHANG Song-lin;ZHAO Cheng-zhang(School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China;College of Geography and Environmental Science,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学环境与市政工程学院,兰州730070 [2]西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《兰州交通大学学报》2021年第4期102-107,共6页Journal of Lanzhou Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51766008)。

摘　　要：湿地土壤盐分含量既反映了土壤盐渍化程度,也与区域内植物类型相关.以兰州市秦王川湿地为研究对象,采集6种植物下的表层土壤(0-20 cm),即碱蓬(Suaeda glauca Bunge)、盐角草(Salicornia europaea L.)、紫菀(Aster tataricus L.f.)、柽柳(Tamarix chinensis Lour)、冰草(Agropyron cristatum(L.)Gaertn.)和早熟禾(Poa annua L.),通过分析土壤pH值、全盐量和可溶性盐离子浓度,探究该区域土壤酸碱性质及盐离子对不同植物的响应.结果表明:秦王川湿地土壤酸碱度总体表现为中性,其中紫菀和早熟禾土壤呈弱碱性;植物与土壤盐渍化的对应关系分别为盐角草和碱蓬—轻盐土,柽柳—盐渍化土,冰草、早熟禾和紫菀非盐渍化土;土壤盐分类型为Ca^(2+)+Mg^(2+)—SO^(2-)_(4)+Cl^(-)型,以硫酸盐为主;土壤离子的对应分布特征为SO^(2-)_(4)盐角草、Cl^(-)碱蓬、HCO-3碱蓬、紫菀和早熟禾,所有阳离子的最高浓度均在盐角草土壤中.因此植物的分布存在酸碱性和盐分的依赖性,且对盐分的依赖性更强,随着SO^(2-)_(4)和Cl^(-)浓度的增加,耐盐植物显现出了生长优势.The salinity content of wetland soil not only reflects the degree of soil salinization,but also is related to the plant types in the region.In this paper,the surface soils(0-20 cm)under different plant(Suaeda glauca Bunge,Salicornia europaea L.,Aster tataricus L.f.,Tamarix chinensis Lour,Agropyron cristatum(L.)Gaertn.and Poa annua L.)collected in Qinwangchuan wetland,Lanzhou city,were selected to study the soil acidic basic property in the area and the response of salt ions to plant based on the analysis of soil pH value,total salt content and soluble salt ion concentration.The results show that the overall pH values of soils in Qinwangchuan wetland were neutral,and the soil of Aster and Poa were alkaline.The degree of soil salinization was Salicornia and Suaeda light saline soil,Tamarix saline soil,and Wheatgrass,Poa and Aster non saline soil.The type of soil salinity was Ca^(2+)+Mg^(2+)-SO^(2-)_(4)+Cl^(-),and mainly sulfate.Soil ions are mainly distributed in SO^(2-)_(4) Salicornia,Cl^(-)Suaeda,and HCO-3 Suaeda,Aster and Poa.All cations have the highest concentration in the soil of Salicornia.Therefore,the distribution of plants is dependent on pH value and salt,and is more dependent on salt.With the increase of SO^(2-)_(4 )and Cl^(-)concentrations,salt tolerant plants show growth advantages.

关 键 词：秦王川湿地 土壤 酸碱性 全盐量 可溶性盐离子 植物 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学]