秦汉时期普通受教育者的数学水平  

On Mathematical Ability of Ordinary Educated in Qin and Han Dynasty

作　　者：衣抚生 YI Fu-sheng(Invoice Museum,Hebei University of Economics and Business,Shijiazhuang Hebei,050061)

机构地区：[1]河北经贸大学发票博物馆,河北石家庄050061

出　　处：《山西大同大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第4期32-36,共5页Journal of Shanxi Datong University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：2019年度河北省社科基金项目“出土战国秦汉算术类文献整理与研究”(HB19LS015)。

摘　　要：结合传世文献和出土算术类简牍,证明秦汉时期普通受教育者的数学知识以九九乘法为主,会简单的四则运算。在此基础上,借助算筹,他们可以实现稍微复杂的整数乘除运算。岳麓秦简《数》、张家山汉简《算数书》、北大简《算数书》和《九章算术》等数学文献,不代表普通受教育者的数学水平。当需要用到更深的知识时,普通受教育者往往采用套用算题的方法,而不是深入学习。Combined with the documents handed down and the unearthed arithmetic slips, it is proved that the mathematics knowledge of ordinary educatees in the Qin and Han Dynasties was mainly multiplication and they could do simple four operations.Based on this, they can realize a slightly complex integer multiplication and division operation with the help of arithmetic. The mathematical documents, such as Shu in Qin bamboo slips of Yuelu academy, The Calculation Book of Han slips in Zhangjiashan and The Nine Chapters of Arithmetic, etc., do not represent the mathematical level of ordinary educated people. When deeper knowledge is needed, the general educated often use the method of applying calculation instead of in-depth learning.

关 键 词：普通受教育者 数学水平 九九乘法 

分 类 号：K232[历史地理—历史学] O119[历史地理—中国史]