儿童神经母细胞瘤的CT表现与病理基础  

CT features and pathological basis of neuroblastoma in children

作　　者：郝跃文 张增俊[1] HAO Yuewen;ZHANG Zengjun(Department of Radiology, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi’an 710003, P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省西安市儿童医院影像科,陕西西安710003

出　　处：《医学影像学杂志》2021年第8期1413-1416,共4页Journal of Medical Imaging

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基础研究计划一般项目(面上)(编号:2019JM-264)。

摘　　要：目的探讨儿童神经母细胞瘤的CT特征表现及其病理基础。方法选取50例经手术和病理证实的神经母细胞瘤的影像资料,对其CT表现进行分析。结果50例患儿肿块大小不一,呈分叶状,37例发生在腹膜后(37/50);10例发生在纵隔(10/50);发生在颈部1例(1/50),腰椎2例(2/50);增强扫描肿瘤呈中等程度强化;38例肿瘤内出现斑点状、砂粒状钙化(38/50);33例肿瘤向周围浸润生长,与周围组织关系分界不清(33/50),19例膈肌脚受侵犯(19/37);35例出现淋巴结转移(35/50);19例肿瘤跨中线向对侧生长并推压、包埋下腔静脉或腹主动脉(19/37);18例发生远处转移(18/50)。结论神经母细胞瘤发病率较低,但结合其发病年龄、部位及CT特征性表现,一般不难做出准确诊断,CT检查可提供肿瘤侵犯范围及淋巴结转移情况,对临床医师选择治疗方案及评估预后均有重要的价值。Objective To explore the CT features and pathological basis of neuroblastoma.Methods 50 cases with neuroblastoma confirmed by operation and pathology were retrospectively analyzed,including the CT examination data and pathological basis.Results The masses were various in size and lobulated in form of 50 patients,and 37 were located in retroperitoneal space(37/50),10 in mediastinum(10/50),1 in neck(1/50)and 2 in lumbar spine(2/50).The masses showed moderate enhancement;Spotted and sandy calcification can be seen in 38 cases(38/50),33 were invasive growth,and unclear with the surrounding tissue(33/50),19 diaphragm feet were invasive(19/37);Lymph node metastasis occurred in 35(35/50);The inferior vena cava or abdominal aorta were pushed and embedded,grew to the opposite side across the midline(19/37);Distant metastasis occurred in 18(18/50).Conclusion The incidence of neuroblastoma is very low,but it is generally not difficult to make an accurate diagnosis based on its age,location and CT characteristics.CT examination can provide the range of tumor invasion and lymph node metastasis,which is of great value for clinicians to choose treatment plans and to evaluate prognosis.

关 键 词：神经母细胞瘤 儿童 病理 体层摄影术 X线计算机 

分 类 号：R739.4[医药卫生—肿瘤] R814.42[医药卫生—临床医学]