刑法中义务冲突的体系性反思与规范化重构  

Systematic Reflection and Normative Preconditions of Conflict of Duties in Criminal Law

作　　者：申屠晓莉 SHENTU Xiao-li(School of Law,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang,Jiangsu,212013)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学法学院,江苏镇江212013

出　　处：《新疆大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2021年第5期28-36,共9页Journal of Xinjiang University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：“国家社会科学基金重点项目风险社会视阈下刑事立法科学性研究”(16AFX009);国家留学基金委“国家建设高水平大学公派研究生项目”。

摘　　要：义务冲突体系性位置就是义务冲突的性质,犯罪论体系的不同影响着义务冲突的性质地位。“法不强人所难”原则是义务冲突状态的法理基础,它无法回答义务冲突影响犯罪成立的根本依据,以义务衡量和义务履行为内容的法益保护行为才是义务冲突可以作为出罪事由的理由。义务冲突的规范化要区分义务冲突状态和义务相权行为,义务冲突状态具有客观性,它是义务相权行为的前提,而义务相权行为是判断是否成立违法阻却的决定性要件。法益衡量是义务衡量的基本标准而非唯一标准,义务衡量必须融入其他考察要素综合判断。The systematic position of duty conflict is also the nature of duty conflict,which involves the dispute of the criminal theory.The principle"impossibilium nulla est obligatio"is the legal basis,which cannot prove that the conflict of duties has the possibility and rationality of negating crime.On the contrary,protecting legal interest with the duties measurement is the reason for justification.The application of conflict of duties as a justification should be divided into two parts:the state of conflict and the duties evaluation.The state of conflict is the premise of the duty evaluation,while the duties evaluation is the decisive precondition for justification.Interests evaluation is the basic standard of duties evaluation,but not the only one.Duties evaluation should be integrated with other judgement factors.

关 键 词：义务冲突 体系性位置 规范构成 违法阻却事由 

分 类 号：D924[政治法律—刑法学]