基于离散元法的列车运行速度对有砟道床工作性能影响的研究  

Research on the influence of train running speed on the performance of ballast bed based on discrete element method

作　　者：陈宪麦[1,2] 陈楠 王日吉 张向民 王卫东[1,2] CHEN Xianmai;CHEN Nan;WANG Riji;ZHANG Xiangmin;WANG Weidong(School of Civil Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China;Key Laboratory of Heavy-duty Railway Engineering Structure of Ministry of Education,Changsha 410075,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学土木工程学院,湖南长沙410075 [2]重载铁路工程结构教育部重点实验室,湖南长沙410075

出　　处：《铁道科学与工程学报》2021年第8期2047-2054,共8页Journal of Railway Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51478482)。

摘　　要：不同的列车运行速度会使轨道结构产生不同的响应,列车运行速度越快,产生的振动和空气动力响应越大,会加剧道砟颗粒的磨耗、粉化,甚至道砟飞溅,进一步影响道床的稳定性和列车运行的安全性。为了更好地了解列车运行速度对道床工作性能的影响,采用离散元法对道床进行模拟,通过道床纵横向阻力试验数据验证模型的可靠性,并在此基础上分析和研究动力荷载作用下道砟位移、颗粒振动加速度随列车速度、道床深度、道床不同横向位置的变化趋势,从微细观层面了解道砟颗粒在不同工况下的工作性能。研究结果表明:道砟加速度和道砟颗粒位移在不同轴重和行车速度下的变化趋势相同,均是在轨下位置的道砟加速度最大、道床砟肩的位移值最大;在动荷载作用下,道砟颗粒均有向外运动的趋势,轨枕附近的道砟位移扰动较大,外围道砟在墙体约束作用下位移较小。Different train running speeds couldcause different responses of the track structure.The faster the train running speed,the greater the vibration and aerodynamic response.This would intensify the wear and pulverization of ballast particlesand even ballast splashing,further affecting the stability of the ballast bed and the safety of train operation.In order to better understand the impact of train running speed on the performance of the track bed,the discrete element method was used to simulate the track bed,and the reliability of the model was verifiedby the longitudinal and transverse resistance test data of the track bed.On this basis,the changing trends of ballast displacement and particle vibration acceleration with train speed,ballast bed depth,and different lateral positions of the ballast bed under dynamic load were analyzed and studied,and the working performance of ballast particles under different working conditions was understood from the meso-scale.The research results show thatthe acceleration and displacement of ballast particleshave the same trend under different axle loads and driving speeds,and the acceleration of particles located below the track is the largest and the displacement of particles in the shoulder region is the largest.Under the action of dynamic load,the ballast particles have a tendency to move outwards.The displacement of particles near the sleeper is more disturbed,and the displacement of particlesat the edge of the ballast bed is smaller under the restraint of the wall.

关 键 词：有砟轨道 离散元 行车速度 道砟位移 加速度 

分 类 号：U213.7[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]