天津市中小学校教室采光照明与学生视力不良的关系  

Relationship between classroom lighting and poor vision of students in primary and secondary schools in Tianjin

作　　者：刘忠慧[1] 徐渴 孙志颖 张欣[2] 冯宝佳[1] 符刚[1] 侯常春[1] LIU Zhonghui;XU Ke;SUN Zhiying;ZHANG Xin;FENG Baojia;FU Gang;HOU Changchun(Department of School Health,Institute of Environment and Health,Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Tianjin(300011),China)

机构地区：[1]天津市疾病预防控制中心环境与健康室学校卫生科,300011 [2]天津医科大学公共卫生学院

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2021年第8期1228-1232,共5页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：天津市卫生计生行业高层次人才选拔培养工程-青年医学新锐项目

摘　　要：目的了解天津市中小学校教室采光照明和学生视力不良的关系,为有针对性地制定中小学生视力保护措施提供参考依据。方法于2020年9—10月,采用分层整群抽样的方法,选取天津市89所中小学共623间教室、24713名学生为研究对象。采用照度计监测教室采光照明环境,标准对数视力灯箱检测学生裸眼视力。采用SPSS 24.0进行χ2检验、方差分析和二元Logistic回归分析。结果天津市中小学生视力不良检出率为67.86%,黑板反射比、黑板面平均照度、黑板面照度均匀度、课桌面平均照度、课桌面照度均匀度合格率分别为58.11%,53.13%,73.19%,66.61%,75.12%。单因素分析显示,黑板反射比、黑板面平均照度、课桌面平均照度、课桌面照度均匀度是否合格对中小学生视力不良影响差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为311.29,62.54,61.71,6.59,P值均<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,黑板反射比、黑板面平均照度、课桌面平均照度不合格与中小学生视力不良均呈正相关[OR值(OR值95%CI)分别为1.19(1.11~1.27),1.27(1.17~1.37),1.11(1.02~1.20),P值均<0.05]。结论天津市中小学生视力不良问题较严重,黑板反射比、黑板面平均照度、课桌面平均照度是中小学生发生视力不良的重要影响因素,应营造良好的教室采光照明环境。Objective To investigate the relationship between classroom lighting and poor vision of students in primary and secondary schools in Tianjin,and to provide reference for targeted prevention measures for comprehensive school eye health programmes.Methods A total of 623 classrooms and 24713 students in 89 primary and secondary schools in Tianjin were selected using stratified cluster sampling method in Sep.to Oct.of 2020.The illuminometer was used to monitor the lighting environment of the classroom,and the standard logarithmic vision light box was used to detect the naked eye vision of students.Chi-square test,variance analysis and binary Logistic regression were used in SPSS software.Results Rate of low vision among primary and secondary school students in Tianjin was 67.86%.The qualification rate of blackboard reflectance,blackboard average illumination,blackboard illumination uniformity,desk average illumination and desk illumination uniformity were 58.11%,53.13%,73.19%,66.61%and 75.12%,respectively.Univariate analyses showed that the blackboard reflectance,blackboard average illumination,desk average illumination,and desk illumination uniformity were associated with low vision among students(χ2=311.29,62.54,61.71,6.59,P<0.05).Multivariable Logistic regression analysis showed that blackboard reflectance,average illumination of blackboard and desk were associated with higher risk of poor vision[OR(95%CI)=1.19(1.11-1.27),1.27(1.17-1.37),1.11(1.02-1.20),P<0.05].Conclusion Prevalence of low vision among primary and secondary school students in Tianjin is relatively high.Blackboard reflectance,average illumination of blackboard and desk are the important determinants for poor vision of primary and secondary school students.Creating effective classroom lighting scheme is crucial for vision health among students.

关 键 词：视力 低 采光 合格鉴定 学生 

分 类 号：R778.1[医药卫生—眼科] R179[医药卫生—临床医学]