基于雪崩光电二极管的1550nm单光子探测模块  

1550nm Single Photon Detection Module Based on Avalanche Photodiode

作　　者：朱子辰 张志明[1] Zhu Zichen;Zhang Zhiming(College of Electronics and Information Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 201804,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学电子与信息工程学院,上海201804

出　　处：《激光与光电子学进展》2021年第13期323-329,共7页Laser & Optoelectronics Progress

摘　　要：单光子探测模块在多个领域中有重要的用途,然而现有的单光子探测模块依赖进口芯片。研制了一种基于国产元器件的1550 nm的单光子探测模块,改进了触发信号处理电路,避免了使用进口芯片。在触发信号的作用下,雪崩光电二极管进入盖革模式,处在盖革模式下的雪崩光电二极管接收到光子以后,产生雪崩信号;雪崩光电二极管的输出信号中的雪崩信号强度小于噪声信号,消除输出信号噪声并将其放大,通过比较器识别雪崩信号。为了抑制雪崩二极管的暗电流和暗计数,使用单片机和温控电路保证雪崩光电二极管工作在稳定的低温环境中。实验结果表明,探测效率为12%时,暗计数率为7.7×10^(-6)gate^(-1),后脉冲率为2%,参数均达到预期的指标,该方案结构简单并且实现了国产化。Single photon detection modules have important applications in many fields. However, the existing single photon detection modules rely on imported chips. In this paper, a 1550 nm single photon detection module based on domestic components is developed. The trigger signal processing circuit is improved to avoid the use of imported chips. Under the action of trigger signal, the avalanche photodiode enters Geiger mode. When the avalanche photodiode in Geiger mode receives a photon, the avalanche signal is generated. In the output signal of the avalanche photodiode, the intensity of the avalanche signal is less than that of the noise signal. After eliminating noise and amplifying the output signal of the avalanche photodiode, the avalanche signal is identified by the comparator. In order to suppress the dark current and dark count of the avalanche diode, MCU and temperature control circuits are used to ensure that avalanche photodiode works in stable low temperature environment. The experimental results show that when the detection efficiency is 12%, the dark-count and after-pulse probability are 7. 7×10^(-6) gate^(-1) and 2%, respectively. The parameters all meet the expected targets. The scheme has simple structure and realizes localization.

关 键 词：探测器 光电探测器 单光子探测 雪崩光电二极管 噪声抑制 触发信号 

分 类 号：TN215[电子电信—物理电子学]