近代以来日本地理学发展历程回顾及其经验借鉴  

DEVELOPMENT HISTORY AND KNOWLEDGE PRODUCTION CHARACTERISTICS OF JAPANESE GEOGRAPHY:REVIEW AND PROSPECT

作　　者：陈林 刘云刚 CHEN Lin;LIU Yun-gang(School of Geography&The Center for Asian Geographical Studies,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510631,China)

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学地理科学学院/亚洲地理研究中心,广州510631

出　　处：《人文地理》2021年第4期29-36,共8页Human Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42071187)。

摘　　要：本文梳理近代以来日本地理学的发展历程和知识生产特征,探讨其如何平衡理论与实践、学术与应用的关系,以期为中国地理学的发展提供借鉴。日本地理学注重区域知识的生产,良好的学术生产分工促进了区域地理学和系统地理学的相互融合。大学评价体系鼓励年轻学者生产基于区域调查的研究成果,对中坚地理学者注重原创性学术理论体系形成和地理学知识的代际传承。日本地理学的区域知识生产在政策制定、市民时空间观形成和地理学终生学习等社会应用方面发挥重要作用。近代日本地理学在欧美地理学影响下快速发展并形成了独具特色的区域地理学研究,然而近年与国际地理学界的交流放缓所引起的诸多问题也值得中国地理学借鉴。By reviewing the development history and knowledge production characteristics of Japanese geography,this paper aims to discuss how it deals with the relationship between theory and practice,academic and application,to provide implications for the further development of Chinese geography.The development of Japanese geography was initially influenced by Germany,and after World War II the influence of the United States increased.Based on the synthesis of systematic geography and regional geography,it has formed its research framework of regional geography.It mainly focuses on using the methods of systematic geography in the setting of research problems,on the overall understanding of the region in the empirical evidence of research problems by relying on fieldwork,new technologies,and methods.The good division of academic production among Japanese geographers and the university evaluation system has promoted the integration of regional geography and systematic geography,with young scholars to engage in researches based on field works and mid-career geographers,more emphasis is placed on the formation of original academic theoretical systems and the intergenerational transmission of geographic knowledge.While the production of knowledge in Japanese geography is mainly based on scientific exploration and basic research to satisfy human curiosity,in recent years the production of applied knowledge in geography has made significant progress in the areas of disaster and regional development applications through the joint efforts of the Geographical Society and geographers.

关 键 词：地理学 知识生产 区域地理学 日本 中国 

分 类 号：K901[历史地理—人文地理学]