21种天然产物对小麦根腐病菌的抑菌活性  

Antifungal Activity of 21 Natural Products Against Wheat Root Rot Fungus

作　　者：张博[1] 张悦丽[1] 马立国[1] 祁凯[1] 刘苹[2] 李长松[1] 齐军山[1] Zhang Bo;Zhang Yueli;Ma Liguo;Qi Kai;Liu Ping;Li Changsong;Qi Junshan(Plant Protection Institute,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Shandong Key Laboratory of Plant Virology,Jinan 250100;Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinan 250100)

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所/山东省植物病毒学重点实验室,济南250100 [2]山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,济南250100

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2021年第24期154-158,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：科技部国家重点研发计划项目“植物源代谢产物杀菌剂的研制与示范应用”(2017YFD0201105),“鲁西冬小麦化肥农药减施技术集成研究与示范”(2017YFD0201706),“黄淮海小麦-玉米种植区主要病虫害的绿色防控技术”(2016YFD0300705);农业部国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项“作物根腐病综合治理技术方案”(201503112);山东省现代农业产业技术体系小麦创新团队项目“小麦病虫害防控”(SDAIT-01-10)。

摘　　要：为探索小麦根腐病生防途径,筛选有效抑菌物质,达到农药减量的目的。以禾谷镰刀菌(Fusarium graminearum)、刺腐霉菌(Pythium spinosum)和小麦离蠕孢菌(Bipolaris sorokiniana)为供试材料,采用菌丝生长法测定了21种天然产物的抑菌活性。结果表明,反式细辛醚和顺式细辛醚对禾谷镰刀菌效果显著,EC50值分别为69.99 mg/L和130.23 mg/L;白藜芦醇、顺式细辛醚和柠檬精油对刺腐霉菌有明显抑菌活性,EC50值分别为24.4683 mg/L、71.02 mg/L和79.83 mg/L;丁香酚油和白藜芦醇对小麦根腐离蠕孢菌抑菌活性显著,EC50值分别为14.06 mg/L和22.09 mg/L。因此,丁香酚、反式细辛醚、顺式细辛醚、白藜芦醇能有效抑制小麦根腐病菌的生长,在小麦根腐病生物防治方面具有很大应用潜力。This study aims at exploring biological control of wheat root rot,screening effective natural antifungal substances,and achieving the purpose of fungicide reduction.Using Fusarium graminearum,Pythium spinosum and Bipolaris sorokiniana as materials,the antifungal activities of 21 natural products were determined by mycelial growth method.The results showed that the trans-asarone and cis-asarone had significant effects on Fusarium graminearum,the EC50 was 69.99 mg/L and 130.23 mg/L,respectively.Resveratrol,cis-asarone and lemon essential oil had obvious antifungal activity against Pythium spinosum,the EC50 was 24.4683 mg/L,71.02 mg/L and 79.83 mg/L,respectively.Eugenol and resveratrol had significant effects on Bipolaris sorokiniana,the EC50 was 14.06 mg/L and 22.09 mg/L,respectively.Therefore,eugenol,trans-asarone,cis-asarone,lemon essential oil and resveratrol could effectively inhibit the pathogenic growth of wheat root rot,which have great potentials in biological control of wheat root rot.

关 键 词：小麦根腐病 禾谷镰刀菌 刺腐霉菌 离蠕孢菌 天然产物 抑菌活性 

分 类 号：S482.2[农业科学—农药学]