在交通拥堵的隧道火灾中纵向通风的合理送风风速研究  

Suitable Longitudinal Ventilation Speed for the Smoke Control in Congested Tunnel Fire

作　　者：李俊梅 谢飞[3] 李炎锋 毕强 王泽航[1,2] 常默宁 董启伟 LI Junmei;XIE Fei;LI Yanfeng;BI Qiang;WANG Zehang;CHANG Moning;DONG Qiwei(Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Built Environment and Energy Efficient Technology,Beijing 100124,China;Faculty of Architecture,Civil and Transportation Engineering,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China;Beijing General Municipal Engineering Design&Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100082,China)

机构地区：[1]绿色建筑环境与节能技术北京市重点实验室,北京100124 [2]北京工业大学城市建设学部,北京100124 [3]北京市市政工程设计研究总院有限公司,北京100082

出　　处：《北京工业大学学报》2021年第9期1021-1028,共8页Journal of Beijing University of Technology

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金资助项目(8182004);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51278018)。

摘　　要：通过数值模拟手段对纵向通风时隧道内的烟气扩散特性进行研究,探讨较低风速时,针对不同火源功率、不同风速作用下,火源上、下游烟气的分层特性及温度分布特性,并在此基础上探讨纵向排烟在拥堵的交通隧道中应用的可能性.研究结果表明:如果起火初期隧道内以较低的纵向风速送风,保证上、下游烟气分层的存在,则纵向通风可用于交通拥堵的隧道.火源功率为5 MW时,该风速约为1.0 m/s;火源功率为20 MW时,较适宜的风速为1.0~1.5 m/s;火源功率为30 MW时,较适宜的风速为1.5 m/s左右.火源功率较大时,应尽早将火源下游附近的人员疏散,以确保安全.The smoke spread in the tunnel under longitudinal ventilation conditions was studied by numerical methods,and the smoke stratification and temperature distribution under lower ventilation velocity at upstream and downstream of the fire source were investigated.Based on this,whether the longitudinal smoke control system is suitable for the congested city tunnel was discussed.The research results show that if the tunnel is supplied with longitudinal ventilation at a lower speed in the early stage of the fire,the smoke layer at the downstream of the fire is kept to ensure the safety evacuation of the people.For the fire power of 5 MW,the suitable ventilation speed is about 1.0 m/s;when the fire power is 20 MW,the ventilation speed of 1.0-1.5 m/s meets the requirements.For the fire power of 30 MW,the ventilation speed is 1.5 m/s.When the fire power is large,people near the downstream of the fire source should be evacuated as soon as possible to ensure the safety.

关 键 词：隧道火灾 纵向通风 数值模拟 烟气控制 烟气分层 交通拥堵 

分 类 号：TU997[建筑科学—市政工程]