不同外包策略下的产品模块化设计和供应链决策分析  

Product modular design and supply chain decision analysis under different outsourcing strategies

作　　者：段彩丽 陈晓春 DUAN Caili;CHEN Xiaochun(School of Economics and Management,Beijing Jiaotong,University,Beijing 100044,China;Business School,Beijing Wuzi University,Beijing 101125,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学经济管理学院,北京100044 [2]北京物资学院商学院,北京100044

出　　处：《管理工程学报》2021年第5期212-224,共13页Journal of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2019YJS067);北京市社会科学基金项目(18GLA008)。

摘　　要：模块化策略在企业生产和运营中的优势被广泛认可,设计科学的产品模块化程度是模块化策略成功的关键。本文考虑产品模块化的基础上,构建了包含制造商及模块供应商的供应链决策模型,比较了不同外包策略下产品模块化设计、定价和供应链利润。结果显示:首先,在不同的模块外包策略下,最优产品模块化程度不同。当制造商选择部分模块外包或全部模块外包策略时,模块化程度较低的产品架构更有利于制造商获得竞争优势。相对于两种外包策略,独立生产时制造商利润、市场份额以及供应链系统利润更高。其次,三种决策模型中,产品价格随模块化敏感系数和技术敏感系数的上升而增加,且制造商利润随技术敏感系数上升而增加。只有独立生产策略中的制造商利润随模块化敏感系数上升而增加。最后,当产品技术较高或模块化敏感系数较低时,模块化程度较低的架构设计对制造商更有利。反之,模块化程度高的架构设计更有利。The globalization trend and customers′diversified demands are constantly forcing companies to shift their production model from mass production to mass customization.To achieve the agility and flexibility required by mass customization,manufacturing industries opt for a modularization strategy based on the product modular design.The modular design allows more flexibility in production and improves the responsiveness of organizations.However,it doesn′t mean that a higher degree of modularity is more beneficial to enterprises.In the long run,a high degree of modularity accelerates the loss of product technology.Therefore,designing an appropriate degree of modularity is the key to protecting product technology and ensuring the success of modularization strategy.In addition,the traditional sourcing mode can no longer meet enterprises′needs,and modular sourcing and outsourcing are gradually replacing the traditional modes for enterprises to focus on their core competencies.Synthesizing the above analysis,this study build a two-echelon supply chain decision model that includes product manufacturers as well as module suppliers,taking the product technology level as an influencing factor to investigate how manufacturers determine the degree of modularity and price under different modular outsourcing strategies,and analyze the impacts of modularity sensitivity coefficient and technology sensitivity coefficient on the profitability of manufacturers and suppliers.The first section presents the product modularization strategy and the rise of modular outsourcing,and discusses the importance of determining an appropriate degree of product modularity for a company to successfully implement the modularization strategy,and thereby introduces the issue to be studied.The second part provides an overview of the research related to product modularity and modular design based on supply chain decision-making.Existing studies have investigated the relationship between product modularity and supplier relationships,supplier capabili

关 键 词：产品模块化 模块外包 供应链协同 

分 类 号：F273[经济管理—企业管理]