中国四省55岁及以上人群血压状况与轻度认知障碍的关联  

Association between hypertension and mild cognitive impairment among people aged 55 years and above in four provinces of China

作　　者：杜文雯 贾小芳 苏畅 王志宏 王惠君 张丛笑[3] 朱辉萍 杨勇 张玉 张兵 DU Wenwen;JIA Xiaofang;SU Chang;WANG Zhihong;WANG Huijun;ZHANG Congxiao;ZHU Huiping;YANG Yong;ZHANG Yu;ZHANG Bing(Department of Public Nutrition,National Institute for Nutrition and Health,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China;Office of National Nutrition Plan,National Institute for Nutrition and Health,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China;Division of Health Monitoring,Xihu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310030,China;Department of Public Health,Zaoshi Town Central Health Center,Changde,Hunan 415311,China;Central Office,Hantai District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hanzhong,Shaanxi 723000,China;School of Public Health,Hebei Medical University,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050017,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所公共营养室,北京100050 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所国民营养计划行动办公室,北京100050 [3]杭州市西湖区疾病预防控制中心卫生监测科,浙江杭州310030 [4]常德市石门县皂市镇中心卫生院公共卫生办公室,湖南常德415311 [5]汉中市汉台区疾病预防控制中心办公室,陕西汉中723000 [6]河北医科大学公共卫生学院,河北石家庄050017

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2021年第8期825-832,共8页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFC0907701)。

摘　　要：[背景]55岁及以上人群是高血压和认知功能障碍的高发群体。国外研究显示血压状况与认知功能下降有关,但我国相关领域的研究较少。[目的]了解我国四省55岁及以上人群血压状况及轻度认知障碍的人群分布特征,分析不同血压状况与轻度认知障碍的关系。[方法]研究资料来源于"神经系统疾病专病社区队列研究"2018—2019年基线调查数据。选取现场血压测量值、高血压诊断史、认知功能评估和个人基础信息等数据完整的55岁及以上人群作为研究对象,共4452人。依据现场血压测量数据及是否有高血压诊断史,将血压状况分为以下四个类别:非高血压、高血压知晓(包括高血压控制、高血压未控制)和高血压不知晓。采用蒙特利尔认知评估量表进行总体认知功能评估,结合教育水平判定是否为轻度认知障碍。利用卡方检验比较不同特征分层的血压状况及轻度认知障碍的分布差异。采用多因素logistic回归模型分析不同血压状况与轻度认知障碍的关联。[结果]调查人群中总体高血压率为55.3%,其中高血压控制、高血压未控制和高血压不知晓的比例分别为11.8%、20.1%和23.4%。高血压患病率在城乡、年龄组、最高受教育水平、家庭人均月收入、工作状况、吸烟及BMI水平分组下差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。轻度认知障碍检出率为38.1%。轻度认知障碍检出率在城乡、年龄组、最高受教育水平、家庭人均月收入及工作状况分组差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在控制了人口学因素、生活方式因素、膳食因素、BMI分级、居住地区后,多因素logistic回归分析显示,高血压不知晓组的轻度认知障碍风险为非高血压组的1.28(95%CI:1.06~1.55)倍。[结论]我国55岁及以上人群中高血压和轻度认知障碍问题突出。高血压不知晓与轻度认知障碍检出风险增加相关。[Background]People aged 55 years and over is a high risk group of hypertension and mild cognitive impairment.Blood pressure is related to cognitive decline as reported by foreign research,while there are few studies in China.[Objective]This study is conducted to investigate the distribution characteristics of blood pressure status and mild cognitive impairment among people aged 55 years and over in four provinces of China,as well as to analyze the relationship between blood pressure status and mild cognitive impairment.[Methods]The research data were obtained from the baseline survey of“Community-based Cohort Study on Nervous System Diseases”from 2018 to 2019.A total of 4452 individuals aged 55 years and over with complete data of blood pressure measurement,hypertension diagnosis history,cognitive function assessment,and demographic information were selected.According to the blood pressure measurement data and the history of hypertension diagnosis,blood pressure was divided into four categories:non-hypertension,diagnosed hypertension(including controlled hypertension and uncontrolled hypertension),and undiagnosed hypertension.The Montreal Cognitive Assessment was used to evaluate the overall cognitive function of the participants,and to identify mild cognitive impairment combining with educational level.Chi-square test was used to compare the distribution of blood pressure status and mild cognitive impairment among subgroups by selected characteristics.A multiple logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between blood pressure status and mild cognitive impairment.[Results]The prevalence rate of hypertension in the selected residents was 55.3%,among which the prevalence rates of controlled hypertension,uncontrolled hypertension,and undiagnosed hypertension were 1.8%,20.1%,and 23.4%,respectively.Significant differences were found in the rate of hypertension among the people grouped by residence,age group,highest education level,household monthly income per capita,employment,smoking,and BMI l

关 键 词：55岁及以上人群 高血压 血压 轻度认知障碍 

分 类 号：R153[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]