不同施肥量配合纳米碳肥料增效剂对马铃薯产量和品质的影响  

Effect of different fertilization combined with nano carbon fertilizer synergist on yield and quality of potato

作　　者：范立春 孙磊[2] 王丽华 姬景红[2] 高中超[2] 刘双全[2] 王爽[2] FAN Li-chun;SUN Lei;WANG Li-hua;JI Jing-hong;GAO Zhong-chao;LIU Shuang-quan;WANG Shuang(Heilongjiang Chunyu Intelligent Agricultural Technology Limited Company,Harbin Heilongjiang 150030;Soil Fertilizer and Environment Resource Institute of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin Heilongjiang 150086)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江春雨智慧农业科技有限公司,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [2]黑龙江省农业科学院土壤肥料与环境资源研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150086

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2021年第4期208-212,共5页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0201803);黑龙江省应用技术研究与开发计划重大项目(GA17B001)。

摘　　要：为了明确钾肥的适宜管理措施和提高钾肥利用率,采用纳米碳肥料增效剂配合不同施肥量,对不同施肥方式对马铃薯生长发育、产量、品质和钾肥利用率的影响进行研究。结果显示,纳米碳配合70%常规施肥的株高和主茎粗高于纳米碳配合常规施肥,纳米碳配合70%钾量常规施肥的株高和主茎粗高于纳米碳配合无钾常规施肥;纳米碳配合70%常规施肥的叶片相对叶绿素含量高于其他处理。纳米碳配合70%钾量常规施肥产量最高,其次是纳米碳配合70%常规施肥,纳米碳配合70%钾量常规施肥产量仅比纳米碳配合70%常规施肥高0.24%;纳米碳配合常规施肥较常规施肥产量降低。纳米碳配合70%常规施肥和纳米碳配合70%钾量常规施肥较其他处理降低马铃薯粗蛋白质含量的效果好,添加纳米碳肥料增效剂的处理均能提高淀粉含量。纳米碳配合70%常规施肥钾肥利用率最高,达68.07%,纳米碳配合70%钾量常规施肥的钾肥利用率为39.74%,均明显高于常规施肥。综上所述,减肥30%并添加纳米碳肥料增效剂在保证产量和品质的同时,钾肥利用率优于其他施肥措施。Appropriate fertilizer management was put forward in order to improve the utilization rate of potassium fertilizer,and the effects of different fertilizer combined with nano carbon fertilizer synergist on potato growth,yield,quality and utilization rate of potassium fertilizer were studied by different fertilization treatments. The results showed that the plant height and main stem perimeter of nano carbon combined with 70% conventional fertilization(C+0.7 NPK)were higher than nano carbon combined with coventional fertilization(C+NPK),and the plant height and main stem perimeter of nano carbon combined with 70% potassium conventional fertilization(C+0.7 K)were higher than CK,and the relative chlorophyll content of C+0.7 NPK was higher than other treatments. The yield of C+0.7 K was the highest,followed by that with C+0.7 NPK. The yield of C+0.7 K was only 0.24% higher than C+0.7 NPK,C+NPK had lower yields than NPK. Compared with other treatments,the effect of C+0.7 NPK and C+0.7 K on reducing the crude protein content of potato was better,and the addition of nano carbon fertilizer synergist improved the starch content. The K fertilizer use efficiency of C+0.7 NPK and C+0.7 K was 68.07% and 39.74%,respectively,and was significantly higher than NPK. In summary,the fertilizer reduction of 30% and the addition of nano carbon fertilizer synergist could ensure the yield and quality,while the K fertilizer use efficiency is better than other fertilization measures.

关 键 词：马铃薯 纳米碳肥料 产量 钾肥利用率 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]